Basil plant (Ocimum basilicum L.) is aromatic and medicinal plants, cultivated for producing essential oil, and utilizing in culinary, biopesticides, and pharmaceutical productions. Notwithstanding, basil production can be used in different markets. Nitrogen deficiency is the main factor influences basil production in the world. Thus, this study was performed during the summer season of 2019 to evaluate the impact of the application of urea fertilizer (applied at seven rates; 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 kg N/ha) on chlorophyll, agronomic traits, seed yield, and essential oil production. Using a moderate rate of urea fertilizer is proposed to be sufficient for some agronomic traits. Moreover, a nonlinear-relationship between essential oil and urea fertilizer rate was found. This study”s results proved that utilizing urea fertilizer at a moderate rate can increase agronomic traits and essential oil of basil.

A field experiment has been used two purple cultivars of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) during summer of 2019 at Al-Diwaniyah Station for Crop Cultivation and Development, Al-Diwaniyah city, Iraq, to study the effect of different rates of NPK on some vegetative characters and oil yield. The treatments comprised different rates (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 g.L−1) of NPK foliar fertilization which were applied after 50 DAP. Obtained results revealed that NPK had significant effect on all parameters tested in both cultivars. Red Rubin cultivar showed a linear relationship between all parameters tested and NPK rates. However, only one parameter; plant height, showed this relationship in Dark Opal cultivar at which, all other four parameter showed polynomial relationship. The maximum values for the parameters were obtained at the 3.0 g.L−1 NPK treatment for Red Rubin cultivar and at 1.5-2.5 g.L−1 NPK treatments in most parameters for Dark Opal. It can be concluded that NPK application had a pronounced beneficial effect on basil plant.

Background and Objective: Borage is a medicinal plant with different culinary and medicinal uses. It is also cultivated for commercial oil production. Little information is available regarding the influence of the type of fertilizer on borage performance under different environmental conditions. Therefore, there is a need to determine the impact of some fertilizers such as seaweed and NPK on several agronomic parameters. Materials and Methods: Fertilizer treatments include seaweed (2 g LG 1 ) and NPK (2 g LG 1 ) in addition to control.The study was conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications. Results: Results showed that both types of fertilizers significantly increased plant traits measured over the control. Some of those traits included, plant height, vegetative biomass, chlorophyll content, seed yield and harvest index. Conclusion: It can be concluded that applying these fertilizers was beneficial in increasing vegetative growth as well as seed yield of borage.

The experiment was carried out under the shade net house conditions in a private farm located in Al-Diwaniyah city, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq to investigate the influence of applying different rates of seaweed extract (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 g/L) on different plant growth parameters and flowers production of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) plant. Results showed that there were statistically differences in the levels of seaweed extract that applied as a source of organic fertilizer, and also applying seaweed fertilizer has been increased the agronomic traits and number of flowers produced per plant. It can be concluded that applying of seaweed fertilizer at 3.0 (g/L) had beneficial influenced on the growth and flowering production of gerbera plant grown under the shade net house conditions.

Assessments of growth, calyx yield and nutritional composition of roselle can help farmers in Iraq to determine which cultivars are the best for commercialization. The field experiment has been done on two roselle cultivars (red and white) during summer of 2019 in a private farm that belongs to a farmer in Al-Saniyah county, Al-Diwaniyah, Al-Qadisiyah province, Iraq, to investigate the impact of applying various rates of N fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg N/ha) on some agronomic traits and calyx yield. The results exhibited that there were significant differences in the rate of Nitorgen and applying N fertilizer has increased the vegetative growth and yield. Significant differences have been also reported in different agronomic traits between the cultivars and the white cultivar showed the best. The red cultivar of roselle showed the better in yield and yield components than the white cultivar grown in Iraq. it can be concluded that applying of nitrogen fertilizer had a pronounced beneficial influenced on the red roselle cultivar.