What determines how we move in the world? Motor neuroscience often focusses either on intrinsic rhythmical properties of motor circuits or extrinsic sensorimotor feedback loops. Here we show that the interplay of both intrinsic and extrinsic dynamics is required to explain the intermittency observed in continuous tracking movements. Using spatiotemporal perturbations in humans, we demonstrate that apparently discrete submovements made 2–3 times per second reflect constructive interference between motor errors and continuous feedback corrections that are filtered by intrinsic circuitry in the motor system. Local field potentials in monkey motor cortex revealed characteristic signatures of a Kalman filter, giving rise to both low-frequency cortical cycles during movement, and delta oscillations during sleep. We interpret these results within the framework of optimal feedback control, and suggest that the intrinsic rhythmicity of motor cortical networks reflects an internal model of external dynamics, which is used for state estimation during feedback-guided movement.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).

Background: The spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia was happening rapidly. The DKI Jakarta Province was the province with the highest prevalence of COVID-19. Thus, all areas in DKI Jakarta Province require special attention in the spread of COVID-19, one of which is Koja District, North Jakarta. This study was conducted to find out community diagnoses related to knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19 prevention.Methods: This study uses community diagnostic steps and quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted from May 26 until June 5, 2020. The population was 115 people who seek treatment at the Koja Health Center, North Jakarta. Socio-demographic characteristics, as well as knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 prevention, were collected through a self-reported questionnaire. Data analysis were used by IBM SPSS version 26.0.Results: Among 115 respondents, 58.3% had good knowledge, 64.3% had a positive attitude, and 55% had positive practices related to COVID-19 prevention. The median values of knowledge, attitudes, and practices are 8, 24, and 25. The median value of knowledge is higher than the mean value, and others are almost the same as the mean value. The percentage of correct knowledge is above 90%, except for knowledge about people infected with COVID-19 who are asymptomatic (64.3%) and children who cannot be seriously ill/die if exposed to COVID-19 (33.9%). More than half of the participants had positive attitudes and practices towards the preventive measures in question, except attitudes about family members at home having to keep their distance and wearing masks inside the house (48.7%) and practices about continuing to travel outside the house (36.5%).Conclusion: Community diagnosis in Koja District, North Jakarta, more than half of the community has a sufficient level of knowledge, positive attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 prevention. These findings still require further intervention, so that people’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19 prevention are better, especially regarding children infected with COVID-19, the importance of keeping a distance and using masks at home, and traveling outside the home. So that the provision of education and counseling to the community is essential.

Open and reproducible research practices increase the reusability and impact of scientific research. The reproducibility of research results is influenced by many factors, most of which can be addressed by improved education and training. Here we describe how workshops developed by the Reproducibility for Everyone (R4E) initiative can be customized to provide researchers at all career stages and across most disciplines levels and across disciplines with education and training in reproducible research practices. The R4E initiative, which is led by volunteers, has reached more than 2000 researchers worldwide to date, and all workshop materials, including accompanying resources, are available under a CC-BY 4.0 license at www.repro4everyone.org.

Reproducibility is a cornerstone of the scientific method and sets apart science from pseudoscience. Unfortunately, a majority of scientists have experienced difficulties in reproducing their own or someone else’s results. This inability to confirm scientific findings negatively impacts individual scientists, funding bodies, academic journals, pharmaceutical drug development and the public’s perception of science. Factors causing irreproducible results can arise from nearly every aspect of the scientific process, and typically reflect a lack of in-depth training in reproducible research practices. Here, we present the Reproducibility for Everyone (R4E) initiative, a collaboration between researchers from diverse scientific disciplines and industry partners who aspire to promote open and reproducible research practices. We have developed a customizable workshop series targeting researchers at all levels and across disciplines. Our workshop series covers the conceptual framework of reproducible research practices followed by an overview of actionable research practices. To date, we have reached more than 2000 researchers through over 25 workshops held at international conferences and local meetings. By incorporating further contributions from the scientific community, we hope to expand this valuable resource for teaching transparent and reproducible research practices. Our initiative demonstrates how a shared set of materials may form the basis for a global initiative to improve reproducibility in science. The workshop materials, including accompanying resources, are available under a CC-BY 4.0 license at www.repro4everyone.org.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major catastrophes worldwide. In Indonesia, the pandemic has caused greater barriers for individuals to access mental health services. This article aims to capture the state of public mental health in Indonesia using data from various national surveys. Four main problems were identified: the increase in depression, loneliness, and distress in the general population, disruption in accessing mental health services, mental health problems among vulnerable populations, and the limited scope of available mental health services and facilities in the community. This article provided practical recommendations for the Indonesian government that focuses on preparing a resilient mental healthcare system for future crises, reducing barriers to access mental health services, and expanding the available resources and programs to ensure equal and sustainable access to mental health services in the community.