BACKGROUND Anaemia is one of the most common conditions observed in the clinical practice. Various causative factors have been associated with anaemia. Association of hypothyroidism with anaemia has been studied and it was recognized that prevalence of anaemia is higher in hypothyroid patients compared to normal population. We wanted to identify the prevalence of anaemia in overt hypothyroid patients in our geographical region. METHODS This is a cross sectional study conducted at SVS Medical College, Mahbubnagar. All the clinically evident and laboratory confirmed hypothyroid cases during the study period of September 2018 to august 2019 were included. A total of 92 hypothyroid patients were included and were evaluated further for anaemia. Prevalence of anaemia and type of anaemia was studied, and appropriate statistical analysis was used. RESULTS Out of 92 hypothyroid patients evaluated, anaemia was found in 34 (36.95%). and females were predominantly affected when compared to males. Most common type of anaemia observed was normochromic and normocytic anaemia. (55.88%) anaemic cases were normocytic followed by microcytic (38.2%); whereas, very few cases were macrocytic (5.8%). The mean age of 39.2 was observed in females whereas in males the mean age was 41.3. None of the males have shown severe anaemia whereas majority of the females were having severe anaemia. CONCLUSIONS Hypothyroidism and anaemia are fairly common conditions observed in the clinical practice and also hypothyroidism is one of the factors for causation of anaemia. It is therefore mandatory to do a proper evaluation of thyroid patients.

BACKGROUND Malaria is one of the most important parasitic infections human beings have ever known. Malaria is endemic in 91 countries with about 40% of world's population at risk of acquiring the infection. Severe malaria is a medical emergency requiring immediate hospitalization and needs prompt treatment at the earliest. Transitory changes in the plasma levels of lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides have been observed and are related to the severity of malaria. The objectives of the study are-1. to find out incidence of lipid abnormalities in malaria, pyrexia other than malaria and controls. 2. to collect a detailed lipid profile in malaria with objective of noting its abnormalities and correlation if any with clinical severity and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study is a prospective study done in the department of medicine SVS medical college, Mahbubnagar. A total of 100 Malaria positive cases, 50 cases of Pyrexia other than malaria cases, 50 healthy controls were included. All information pertaining to history, clinical examination, complications, relevant investigations, treatment modalities were noted, analysed and tabulated; especially with reference to lipid profile. Appropriate statistical methods were used to find the statistically significant observations. RESULTS Out of 100 cases there were 59 males (59%), and 41 females (41%).The mean age of entire study group was 37.48. The most common clinical presentation was fever (100%), followed by nausea and vomiting. The most common clinical signs were pallor (42%), splenomegaly (46%), hepatomegaly (44%) and CNS manifestations (16%).Thrombocytopenia (78%) and anaemia (42%) were the most common haematological findings. At presentation, the total cholesterol (mean total cholesterol 106.92mg/dl) and HDL (mean HDL20.31) were significantly reduced. Though LDL (mean LDL 57.71) and VLDL (mean VLDL 28.96 mg/dl) were also reduced, statistically significant difference was not observed. There was no significant change in triglyceride levels CONCLUSION All patients with severe malaria were found to be associated with lipid abnormalities especially of total cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels and values revert to normal once parasitaemia is cleared. This finding suggests the importance of estimating the lipid abnormalities as a diagnostic and prognostic factor in severe malaria cases.