PENDAHULUANTerung (Solanum melongena L.) merupakan sayuran yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi dan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi kesehatan manusia. Buah ini dikonsumsi diseluruh dunia dalam berbagai warna, bentuk dan ukuran (Akanitapichat et al., 2010). Terung telah dibudidayakan secara luas di daerah tropis dan subtropis, terutama di Asia (Sathappan et al., 2012) dimana beberapa negara produsen terbesar antara lain adalah Cina, India, Mesir, Turki dan Indonesia. Tanaman ini memiliki hasil produksi global sebanyak lebih dari 32 juta ton dengan (Begum et al., 2013

Melon breeding for fruit quality improvement is important to produce new varieties that meet consumers’ demand. The aim of this study was to elucidate the fruit characteristics of melon at five different maturity stages, involving several genotypes belonging to two cultivar groups: reticulatus and inodorus. The experiments were conducted in three planting seasons: (1) January-March 2015 (13 genotypes), (2) December 2015-February 2016 (56 genotypes), (3) February-May 2016 (9 genotypes). These trials were conducted at the Tajur II experimental station of IPB, Bogor, and each trial was arranged in a single factor randomized complete block design with three blocks. Maturity stages was determined based on fruit rind color and net coverage, and their effects on fruit quality were studied using combined analyses over seasons. Maturity stage significantly affected the fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, fruit weight, and sugar content. The average weight of the fruits at maturity stage 4 (838.90 g) and 5 (931.79 g) was significantly greater than that of stage 1 (584.42 g). The sugar content increased from maturity stage 2 (5.51 oBrix) to 3 (6.13 oBrix) and to 5 (8.18 oBrix). Fruit weight significantly correlated with fruit length (r = 0.53), fruit diameter (r = 0.85), fruit rind thickness (r = 0.33), and flesh thickness (r = 0.63). Maturity stages affected the quality of melon fruits, and therefore the determination of appropriate harvesting criteria is important in melon cultivations.Keywords: cantalupensis, correlation, inodorus, fruit quality, skin colour

<p><em>Selection is very important activity in plant breeding program. The purpose of this study was to obtain genetic information, heritability and expected genetic advance, and to compare the genetic advance expectations with the selection advance. The research was conducted from September 2013 to November 2015 at Research Station of Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor. Distribution of F2 population data in this study was broader than that of F3 populations. Broad sense heritability estimated by F3 populations showed in agreement to that estimated by F2 population. Character of fruit weight, fruit length, pedicel length and yield had positive value of selection advance appropriate to the genetic advance expectations in F2 populations. The value of heritability estimate and genetic advance were high indicating that the phenotypic variances were controlled by action of additive genes.<br /><br />Keywords: genetic advance, heritability, selection advance<br /><br /></em></p>

ABSTRACT<br /><br />Sugarcane cultivars tolerant to drought stress are needed for specific location. In vitro selection can be used to obtain plants tolerant to drought stress through regeneration of callus in the culture medium. The purpose of this study was to obtain regenerants from irradiated callus on the stress medium. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was the regeneration medium (RG) added with PEG 6000, i.e., 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, while the second factor was the dose of gamma ray irradiation i.e. 0 krad, 5 and 10 krad, and 15 krad. There were 12 treatments, each treatment was repeated 18 times and each repetition was a culture bottles planted with three clums of callus 10 mm diameter. RG medium was the MS medium added with 0.5 mg L-1 BAP, Kinetin 0.1 mg L-1 and IBA 1.0 mg L-1. The higher the concentration of PEG, the less regenerants were produced. Regenerants could be generated from the selection medium PEG up to 15%. Several shoots still produced from callus irradiated with 10 krad. Selection medium with PEG up to 10% decreased the precentage of albino regenerants. The gamma ray irradiation dose and the concentration of PEG significanly affected the number of  roots produced.<br /><br />Keywords: drought tolerant, in vitro, polyethylene glycol, plantlets, albino<br /><br />