SEM and Automated Surface Area & Pore Size Analyzer were used to characterize surface morphology and specific surface area and the pore size distribution of fibers. The results showed that specific surface area and pore size distribution increase after ultrasonication. The ash content of the composites of ultrasonic treated fiber is larger than the untreated fiber, and the magnetic properties show a good superparamagnetic behavior.

Activated carbons were prepared from coconut shells by using carbonization at 600 °C for 2 h followed by water steam activation. Effects of activation temperature, hold time and water steam amount on the yield, BET surface area and micropore volume of activated carbons were evaluated. The pore structure of the activated carbon was characterized by N2 adsorption at 77K. Surface area, micropore volume and pore size distribution (PSD) of the carbons were determined by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) equation, Dubinin–Astakhov (DA) and the Non-Local Density Functional Theory (NLDFT) methods, respectively. The results show that activated carbons with specific surface area of 1500 m2/g and pore size lower than 2 nm can be produced at 900 °C for 1~2 h. Hold time could be reduced by increasing steam amount and activation temperature, but micropore was enlarged and yield was decreased. Increasing hold time could produce more micropores when steam amount and activation temperature were more appropriate. Pore size distribution shows that activated carbons are microporous dominant.

Effects of mercerizing treatment on water-retention value of bleaching coniferous wood pulp fibers were discussed and the mercerizing treatment conditions were optimized. The best conditions of mercerizing treatment is NaOH concentration of 7mol/L, temperature of 40°C and processing time of 100min. SEM showed that the fiber cell wall swelling increase after mercerization.

In order to study the preparation and property of the multi layer composite paperboard, bleached wheat straw pulp, bleached chemical thermal mechanical pulp and waste newsprint pulp are used as raw materials to making paperboard. The results show that the bonding force between fibers of grasses chemical pulp is strong which can improve the bonding strength between the layers. Bleached wheat straw pulp is used as outer layer and waste news paper pulp is used as inner layer to make composite paperboard has high physical properties. Bleached chemical thermal mechanical pulp fiber is shorter, so paperboard tightness and physical strength reduce, which can be used as the lining of the multi layer composite paperboard to improve the stiffness of the paperboard and reduce the cost.

Effects of ultrasonic processing conditions on water retention value of bleaching coniferous wood pulp fibers, absorbent cotton pulp fiber and straw pulp fiber were discussed. Results showed that ultrasonic power and processing time have an significant impact on water retention value of three kinds of pulp, the effort of ultrasonic treatment temperature on water retention value of three kinds of pulp is less. The water retention value of bleaching coniferous wood pulp fibers, absorbent cotton pulp fiber and straw pulp fiber, respectively, reach the maximum at power of 300W, 500W, 400W, and processing time of 60min, 120min, 60min.