Background MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have been associated with malignant transformation of oral epithelial precursor lesions such as oral leukoplakia. The aim was to perform a scoping review of the contemporary literature about the different roles of miRNAs during the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. Material and Methods We conducted a systematic search with the following MeSH terms: ‘oral leukoplakia’, ‘carcinoma in situ’, ‘microRNAs’, ‘mouth neoplasms’ and ‘epithelial–mesenchymal transition’ in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and SpringerLink. Results Fifteen articles were included for analysis, among which in vivo and in vitro articles were included. A total of 21 different miRNAs were found to be involved in the malignant transformation process of oral leukoplakia. Regarding their possible effects, 6 miRNAs were classified as oncogenic, 5 as tumour suppressors and 10 were related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition, invasion and migration. Conclusions Based on the current review, we concluded that miRNAs-21, 345, 181-b and 31* seem to be potential markers of malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia. However, further clinical prospective studies are needed in order to validate their utility as prognostic biomarkers. Key words: miRNAs, oral leukoplakia, oral squamous cell carcinoma, biomarkers, malignant transformation.

Background Elderly cancer patients are a special population, and their management should include specialists in oncology, geriatrics, palliative care, and social work. Based on this approach, we designed a multidisciplinary care model (MCM) and prospectively assessed its results. Objectives To evaluate the applicability of the MCM, to describe the geriatric features of our sample, and to assess the impact of the MCM on treatment choices. Methods Patients older than 69 years of age with solid tumours were included. The MCM included the following decision algorithm: Patients with an unequivocal condition of frailty, assessed in the corresponding tumor committee, were directly referred to the palliative care team (Group A). In the other cases (Group B), patients over age 79 years underwent the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) and patients aged between 70 and 79 years completed a frailty test. If the frailty test was positive, CGA was also performed. Results 295 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were identi ed during one year. 186 (63%) were included in the MCM.. A total of 66 CGA were performed. CGA modi ed the therapeutic plan in 5 patients older than 80 (13.8%), and in 2 septuagenarian patients (6.6%). Limitations This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of a multidisciplinary approach in geriatric oncology patients in a real clinical setting. Therefore, some variables were not fully controlled in the design, such as the willingness of different specialists to refer their patients to the model. Conclusions MCM in elderly oncology patients is feasible in a general hospital, although several reasons often hinder patient recruitment for this kind of program. CGA can modify the therapeutic plan, especially in the octogenarian population. Funding/sponsorship This study has been nancially supported by a grant from the Fundació Joan Costa Romà.