Abstract. A renewable energy is a new topic in education in Indonesia, especially for vocational education. The problem is the teaching trainer as a learning media is still not available at Universitas Negeri Malang while developing a trainer is expensive. This paper introduces a renewable-energy simulator, which can show the process of converting energy using hybrid solar cell and wind power systems. In case of the solar cell system, the simulator shows the process of converting the sunlight beam to energy production. Furthermore, the simulator shows the watt peak (WP) of the daily solar beam. In the case of the wind-power system, the simulator shows the capacity of power generator considering the size of rotor, wind speed, and the type of generator. The unique point of this simulator is that the hybrid systems of solar cell and wind power systems are demonstrated. While solar cell can't be effective if the sunlight beam is not available, it can be supported by the wind-power system, which is available for 24 hours, but it is depending on the speed of wind. Thus, implementation of this simulator can help students easier to understand and optimise the development of power generation using renewable energy.

Abstract. Nowadays, many countries prefer to use renewable energy and increase the capacity of power generations. One method to increase the capacity power uses a hybrid system. The aim of this paper is to introduce a software for simulating a hybrid power generation included renewable energy, which combines solar and wind power generations. This software is named as SPEKTRA. In order to represent the actual system, there are some editable variables to show exchange of solar and wind power outputs. This simulation is used to increase the understanding of the power generation in the hybrid system for users and to estimate the spending cost of the power generation on hybrid system. The SPEKTRA is developed using Visual Basic. Functional and developed simulation is analysed using the black box method. the result show that the output graph is similar to the theoretical review.

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Abstrak -Energi sangat penting bagi kehidupan manusia, namun kini energi semakin menurun karena meningkatnya konsumsi energi yang tidak seimbang dengan supply. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini banyak energi alternatif telah dikembangkan, salah satunya adalah energi surya. Namun masalahnya adalah rendahnya tingkat efisiensi karena pentingnya posisi panel surya dengan matahari. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penjadwalan posisi panel surya sesuai dengan lintasan matahari. Untuk mendapatkan energi matahari yangs esuai dengan lintasnnya secara optimal ada dua hal yang harus diperhatikan sudut elevasi dan sudut azimuth. Kedua sudut ini akan menjadi titik kontrol panel surya, dan kedua sudut tersebut didapatkan dari pembacaan sensor yaitu sensor gyro untuk sudut elevasi dan kompas untuk sudut azimuth. Selanjutnya diolah kedalam mikrokontroller dengan menggunakan pengontrol PID (Proporsional, Integral, Derivatif) untuk mengontroll motor DC dalam penjadwalan posisi panel surya sesuai lintasan matahari. Dengan penggunaan kontrol PID dapat memperbaiki respon pada motor sehingga mengurangi error steady state dan dapat memberikan efek redaman pada sistem osilasi. Sehingga jadwal posisi panel surya sesuai lintasan matahari terkontrol dengan baik Kata Kunci : Panel Surya , PID, Sudut Elevasi, Sudut AzimutAbstract -Energy is very important for human life, but now the energy is getting decreased because of the increasing energy consumption that is not balance with the supply. In order to overcome these problem many alternative energy has been developed, one of which is solar energy. However the problem is low level of efficiency because the position of solar panels with the sun becomes very important. For optimum solar energy with optimal crossing there are two things to be aware of the elevation angle and azimuth angle. Both angles will be the control points of the solar panels, and these two angles are obtained from sensor readings of gyro sensors for elevation angles and compasses for azimuth angles. Further processed into microcontroller by using PID controller (Proportional, Integral, Derivative) to controll DC motor in solar panel position scheduling according to solar path. With the use of PID controls can improve the response on the motor thus reducing steady state errors and can provide damping effects on the oscillation system. So the schedule of solar panel position according to the path of the sun is well controlled

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