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Introduction: Condylar resorption of the temporomandibular joint after orthognathic surgery is a clinical entity with functional and aesthetic consequences for the patient. The determination of the risk of condylar resorption in the presurgical stage remains unclear. This article, descriptive in its nature, sought to determine anatomorphological variations of the temporomandibular joint in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.Material and methods: Cone Beam CT scans were analysed in two operative stages, one month before surgery (T 0 ) and three months after (T 1 ). Joint spaces, cortical widths and sites with total resorption were analysed on 58 joints.Results: A statistically significant mean decrease in cortical thickness (p < 0.05) was observed for the different sites in the coronal and sagittal planes. All joint spaces showed reduced thickness in the sagittal plane, statistically significant for the superior and posterior spaces.Conclusions: Sites with a lower cortical width on T0 seemed more susceptible to resorption.The presurgical evaluation of the temporomandibular joint plays a fundamental role in preventing condylar resorption in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery.

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visits. Risk factors including patients' age, gender, surgeon's experience and specific mandibular procedures were analysed. Findings: 66 patients recruited in this study. Incidences of neurosensory disturbance at postoperative two weeks, six weeks, three months, six months, one year and two years were 78.8%, 64.4%, 55.3%, 34.8%, 19.7% and 9.8%, respectively. Combinations of ramus surgery and anterior mandibular surgery increased the risk of neurosensory disturbance at the first three postoperative months (P < 0.05). Patients' age, gender, and surgeons' experience were not found to be risk factors of neurosensory disturbance after mandibular orthognathic surgery. Conclusion:The incidence of neurosensory disturbance after mandibular orthognathic procedures recovered from 78.8% to 9.8% over two years postoperatively. An increased risk of neurosensory disturbance is associated with the combination of mandibular ramus surgery and anterior mandibular surgery in the early postoperative period.

To outline a technique for the extraction of mesiodens through the nasal cavities and discuss its advantages and disadvantages, as well as specific recommendations and possible complications.Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in which clinical records from March -December 2015 were screened for patients diagnosed with mesiodens. Patients were excluded if they presented disorders associated with increased prevalence of supernumerary teeth. To effectively compare the different treatment approaches used, a variety of data was collected with special emphasis on complications.Results: Nine patients (four male, five female; average age 10.4 ± 1.7 years) fulfilled the described inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data analysis revealed that there were no intra-operative complications, nor were complications reported upon follow-up for any of the utilised (classical and vestibular-nasal) approaches. Conclusion:When applied under the correct circumstances, the here presented nasal approach technique improves various aspects for mesiodens extraction, including better visibility and facilitates the technique.