No abstract

En marzo de 2020, los centros educativos tuvieron que irse a un formato online como consecuencia de la pandemia. Posteriormente, se regresó al aula con un formato híbrido hasta la presencialidad total. El presente trabajo analiza la percepción de los equipos directivos en referencia a la implementación de las competencias digitales durante la pandemia por el COVID-19. Para ello, se han realizado ocho entrevistas a equipos directivos de centros públicos, concertados y privados de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se obtuvieron tres escenarios muy marcados, una primera etapa de supervivencia y de incertidumbre para las escuelas sin un plan de desarrollo tecnológico; una segunda etapa de convivencia de lo presencial y lo digital con un refuerzo considerable de este último como resultado de la experiencia de la etapa anterior. Y, finalmente, una continuación de las competencias digitales en el formato presencial. Así mismo, muchos centros se encontraron con una brecha digital de las familias y una escasa formación del profesorado en competencias digitales. Esto se suplió con un trabajo coordinado por parte de los equipos directivos, una actitud positiva y la gran adaptabilidad a esta nueva situación para determinar planes adecuados y conseguir el aprendizaje de sus estudiantes.

No abstract

One of the most frequent defect in building is appearance of moisture. Due to the growing social awareness and environmental policy, it becomes necessary to evaluate the behaviour of a new construction materials regarding this kind of defects. This paper studies the behaviour of masonry mortars incorporating three types of recycled aggregates: concrete, ceramic and mixed, with dosages 1:3 and 1:4 to be compared to the behaviour of traditional mortars in terms of absorption by capillarity, rainwater penetration and water vapour permeability. The results show that under condition of water absorption by capillarity or heavy rains, ceramic recycled aggregate has the poorest behaviour due to its high mix water absorption. Moreover, water vapour permeability is higher in mortars performed with recycled aggregates, minimizing in this way the condensation that can be produced in interior spaces. Key words: masonry mortar, recycled aggregate, moisture, defect.

Gypsum is a material that has been widely used since ancient times in building and industrial construction. Due to the great development of prefabricated construction in the last years, diverse authors have tried to improve the properties of plaster panels and boards through its composition variations. The aim of this study is to determine what type of fibre, among the most used in plaster mixing ones, presents better properties to be used in prefabricated elements. For this, five types of fibres were used: two natural (wood and straw) and thee synthetic (glass, basalt and polypropylene), performing all the tests according to the standard UNE-EN 132792:2006. The conclusions show after statistical analysis that fiberglass presents better results for its application in the production of gypsum prefabricated panels and boards. Key words: gypsum-based composite, natural fibre, synthetic fibre, prefabricated.