epidemiologic study of the relationship of reproductive experience to cancer of the ovary. Am J Epidemiol 99: 190-209. 1974.-From June 1957 to September 1965, all patients entering the Roswell Park Memorial Institute in Buffalo, New York, completed a questionnaire providing detailed information on demographic and social attributes, family history, radiation exposure, menstrual and reproductive characteristics and personal habits. Over 400 cases of ovarian cancer were admitted. These, combined with control groups consisting of patients with other cancers (colo-rectum and breast) and with non-neoplastic diseases, formed the basis of the current study. The findings in this study showed that women with ovarian cancer had the following characteristics: 1) a lower mean number of pregnancies, even when pregnancy rates were calculated per 1000 person-years at risk of the event; 2) a larger proportion of never-pregnant and ever-pregnant women with one or two conceptions; 3) an increase in the relative risk of cancer of the ovary as the total number of pregnancies decreases; 4) a greater risk of ovarian cancer in ever marriednever pregnant than in never-married women; 5) a late age at first pregnancy, except in the comparison with breast cancer controls; 6) a greater interval between first marriage and first conception; 7) a greater difference with their mothers in completed sibship size; 8) a larger proportion of women who tried and failed to become pregnant at least once; and 9) an increase in the frequency of conceptions terminating as miscarriages. Several explanations for these findings were considered. It was generally felt that the results indicated that women who developed ovarian cancer had a gonadal status that predisposed to both the ovarian cancer and the low fertility. cancer of ovaries; fertility, low; ovarian neoplasms; reproductionThere have been very few epidemiologic and cancer registries. There are only three studies of cancer of the ovary except for the published reports dealing specifically with analyses of data obtained from mortality ovarian neoplasms; all have been pubrecords, ad hoc cancer morbidity surveys lished since 1966.

No abstract

The High Arctic summer with its permanent sunlight provides a situation in which one of the natural synchronizers, the light-dark alternation, is minimal. During the summers of 1981 and 1982 three healthy right-handed geographers who were performing field studies in Svalbard as part of their own research volunteered to document, 4-6 times per 24 hr for respectively 63, 141 and 147 days, a set of circadian rhythms: self-rated fatigue, oral temperature, grip strength of both hands, heart rate and times of awakening and retiring. Tests were performed before departure from France, in Svalbard (79 degrees N latitude) where their daily activities were often strenuous, and after returning to France. Time series were treated individually according to three methods: display of data as a function of time, cosinor analyses to quantify rhythm parameters, and spectral analyses to estimate component periods of rhythms. Circadian parameters such as period and acrophase of activity-rest, oral temperature and fatigue rhythms were not altered. On the other hand, the circadian rhythm in grip strength was altered: the period differed from 24 hr in one subject, while grip strength acrophase of the left, but not the right, hand of the other two subjects was phase shifted during the sojourn in Svalbard. A prominent circahemidian (about 12 hr) rhythm was observed in two subjects for their heart rate in Svalbard, while a prominent circadian rhythm (differing from exactly 24 hr) was observed in France associated with a small circahemidian component.