(703) 487-4650 t* Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 10% postconsumer waste 3 PrefaceA Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Eflciency and Renewable Energy Technologies provides guidance on economic evaluation approaches, metrics, and levels of detail required, while offering a consistent basis on which analysts can perform analyses using standard assumptions and bases. It not only provides information on the primary economic measures used in economic analyses and the fundamentals of finance but also provides guidance focused on the special considerations required in the economic evaluation of energy efficiency and renewable energy systems.The Analytic Studies Division (ASD) of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) developed this manual for the Office of Planning and Assessment (OPA) in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). It is envisioned that this manual will serve as a standard reference on economic evaluation within DOE'S Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.Several NREL staff members contributed to this manual through valuable input and review. Outside of NREL, many people provided information for and reviewed drafts of the manual. Among the latter are Fred Abel of the Office of Planning

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This paper focuses on discussing the potential and feasibility of increasing the hydropower production by installing hydrokinetic turbines behind existing conventional hydropower facilities to establish "combined-cycle hydropower system (CCHS)". The CCHS will capture additional power from the energy remaining in the water currents exiting dams. There are two modes of CCHS. The hydrokinetic turbine can be located directly behind the turbine of the existing conventional hydropower plant or it can be placed at sites in the vicinity of powerhouse. The challenges and advantages associated with the CCHS are addressed in this paper. Although the technologies of CCHS is still in its research and development phrase, not yet reaches mature and economically feasible; it is believed that it possesses significant potential to produce additional clean hydropower in the large-scale. It may become additional promising way of generating clean energy to mitigate climate change. HighlightsTwo modes of CCHS have been proposed.The concepts of CCHS have been demonstrated by two projects in the USA.The CCHS has great potential in producing clean energy.A scaled up conceptual system-level design, performance, and economic study of the CCHS is needed.

This paper illustrates the static optimisation strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation using net marginal benefit analysis, and goes on to develop a dynamic optimisation solution using a modified Hotelling approach. Unfortunately, the situation required for a Hotelling‐type optimisation to hold is rarely observed in practice, as there are numerous sources of uncertainty that impact upon a forward‐looking optimisation exercise. The situation is no different within the climate change debate, with opportunities and threats to the value‐maximising exercise arising as uncertainties are resolved through new information. Choices of how to deal with and take advantage of these opportunities and threats are keys to identifying the optimal trade‐off between the strategies, and need to be included in the calculation of the optimal mixture of mitigation and adaptation activities. Based on reasonable assumptions, this paper discusses the impact of the real options valuation technique on the theoretical Hotelling‐type optimisation to show what the effects of its application would have on the theoretical dynamic optimal solution and what those economic implications represent to public policy.