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Parkinson's disease with dementia (PD-D) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) may result from the same neurodegenerative process with different temporal and spatial courses. The authors report an association between DLB and family history of dementia in a comparison study between patients with a clinicopathological diagnosis of PD-D and DLB. Findings suggest that positive family history for dementia is associated with DLB with a yet unknown mechanism.

Bloom syndrome (BS) was diagnosed in a 7-year-old boy during hospitalization for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The patient had most of the signs of BS along with some atypical manifestations: absence of telangiectases, obesity, and moderate mental retardation. Results of the cytogenetic studies were fully consistent with the diagnosis of BS: the occurrence of quadriradial figures and a very high incidence of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE). This child's ALL was of non-B, non-T type with the presence, at the time of diagnosis, of a marrow clone including two markers. A Yq - chromosome was detected in about 10% of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes but neither in bone marrow cells nor in skin fibroblasts. This case is the fifth instance of ALL out of 104 registered cases of BS.

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