Recebido em 6/7/00; aceito em 21/3/01 LIGNANS AND TRITERPENES FROM CYTOTOXIC EXTRACT OF ERIOPE BLANCHETII. This phytochemical study performed with the cytotoxic chloroformic extract of Eriope blanchetii (Benth.) Harley was the first work with this species and describes from aerial parts the isolation of two lignans of podophylotoxin type named β-peltatin and α-peltatin. Besides them it was obtained four triterpenes; oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, 2α,3β-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-olic acid, 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-olic acid, named tormentic acid and 3β-glucosyl-sitosterol. The compounds were identified by analysis of their spectral data.Keywords: Lamiaceae; Eriope blanchetii; lignans; triterpenes. Quim. Nova, Vol. 24, No. 6, 730-733, 2001. Artigo INTRODUÇÃODentre as lignanas, a podofilotoxina possui um efeito antitumoral comprovado cientificamente. O maior efeito citotó-xico da podofilotoxina é a inibição celular na metafase, detendo a duplicação dos cromossomos, resultando na retenção da divisão celular no estado mitótico do ciclo celular. Porém, devido ao fato destes efeitos atingirem tanto células normais como células cancerígenas, o seu uso tem sido limitado. No entanto, os derivados da podofilotoxina, como o etoposido e teniposido, não exibem nenhum efeito intracelular, mas induzem a quebra das ligações simples e duplas do DNA) são dois derivados semi-sintéticos que foram desenvolvidos em 1970 na tentativa de preparar derivados da podofilotoxina que não possuíssem efeito tóxico gastro-intestinal igual ao desta substância 2 . Nos quinze anos seguintes o etoposido e o teniposido foram introduzidos no tratamento clí-nico e estas drogas têm tido uma participação muito importante no tratamento quimioterápico do câncer. O desenvolvimento do etoposido e do teniposido como agentes antitumorais, representa um modelo para investigação sistemática de produtos naturais, e tem liderado a descoberta de uma nova classe de drogas antitumorais 2 . Além do mais, o desenvolvimento de novos agentes anticancerígenos, tais como etoposido e paclitaxel, proporcionou não somente a descoberta de drogas anticancerígenas derivadas de plantas, como também contribuiu para o aumento do conhecimento da biologia do câncer 1,2 . O gênero Eriope pertencente a família Lamiaceae (Labiatae) é nativo das regiões tropical e subtropical da América do Sul e possui cerca de 20 espécies, sendo que 18 destas estão restritas ao território brasileiro. No Brasil, estas espécies distribuem-se principalmente em áreas de campo rupestre em Minas Gerais, Bahia, Goiás e estados vizinhos 3,4 . Este é o primeiro relato na literatura do estudo fitoquímico e da citotoxicidade apresentada pelo extrato clorofórmico das partes aéreas de Eriope blanchetii (Benth.) Harley, bem como do isolamento das substâncias ativas presentes neste extrato. Neste * e-mail: juceni@ufba.br trabalho é descrito o isolamento das substâncias responsáveis pela atividade citotóxica (IC 50 16µg/mL) observada para o extrato CHCl 3 das partes aéreas de E. blanchetii. Assim, foram isolados q...
Maternal Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection can lead to spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation, and numerous sequelae in the newborn, including visual and hearing impairment. T. gondii serology was determined in pregnant women and their newborns who were referred to Climério de Oliveira Maternity, Federal University of Bahia, and the possible associations with the risk factors for maternal infection were investigated. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2014 and included 712 pregnant women, aged 15 to 49 years, and 235 newborns. Seroprevalence was determined by the detection of T. gondii-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) M (IgM) and IgG antibodies using enzyme-linked immunoassay. In addition, mothers completed a questionnaire that focused on socioeconomic aspects, and survey data were tabulated using the SPSS statistical software program (version 21.0 for Windows). The seroprevalence rate for specific IgG antibodies was 51% (362) among mothers and 93% (219) among neonates. All the mothers and their newborns were negative for specific-IgM antibodies. Higher age group and lower maternal education were the only risk factors statistically associated with the presence of specific IgG. In summary, high levels of specific IgG antibodies were observed in pregnant women. The knowledge of risk factors for toxoplasmosis can help in the orientation of newly pregnant women.
Galactomannan (GM) was recently included in consensus guidelines as an indirect mycological criterion for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Currently, there is an enzyme immunoassay available to detect GM in biological samples, the Platelia™ Aspergillus EIA. In this study, the reproducibility of positive results obtained using this assay was evaluated using serum samples from neutropenic patients. A trend toward lower values was observed, and 55 %(27/49) of positive results were negative after retesting. A low reproducibility of positive results for the detection of GM in serum was observed.
Background: Although atherosclerosis is a major cause of mortality, little is known about the role of inflammation, and mediators of disease progression. In this study, serum levels of inflammatory markers were evaluated in stable atherosclerotic disease patients before and by 24 hours after coronary angioplasty and stenting. Methods: The study included 12 patients (eight women and four men) who underwent coronary angioplasty to implant a conventional wire-mesh cobalt-chromium stent. Changes in the lipid profile were investigated. The pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukine-17 (IL-17) were measured by enzyme immunoassays. All patients received statins and reported being hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive, and sedentary. Results: TNF-α and IL-17 levels did not differ significantly before and after angioplasty. The total leukocyte count had a significant reduction when compared before (7.6; 6.5-10.6cells/µL) and after (6.78;5.2-8.2cells/µL) angioplasty, although, on the other hand, the CRP levels increased from 2.5 (0.0-14.75) to 8.0 (0.75-31mg/dL) (p<0.05). Patients had significantly higher average total cholesterol before (160; 148-193) then after (155; 122-172mg/dL) (p=0.0038), as well as HDL-cholesterol, before (41; 30-49) and after (33; 32-42mg/dL) (p=0.0192), and apolipoprotein-A levels, before (159;133-169) and after, (143; 115-150 mg/dL) (p<0.05) procedure. On the other hand, no significant differences were noticed on LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein-B concentrations. Conclusion: The angioplasty procedure with stent implantation influenced lipoprotein metabolism specifically that of HDL, by leading to HDL-c and apolipoprotein-A reductions, as well as total leukocyte count, and CRP elevations by 24 hours after procedure.
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