The present study investigated the relationship between Academic Performance, Goal-orientations, Motivation, self-efficacy and Academic satisfaction. Seventy-four healthy secondary school students-athletes participated in the present research. The results showed correlations between the different variables analysed. Thus, we found a positive correlation between self-efficacy and qualifications, and task-goals with achievements-motive. However, the avoidance of negative judgments correlates negatively with task-goals and positively with inhibitor anxiety. Comparative analysis showed that were no differences according to gender, although significant differences were depending on the level of academic, mainly in ego-goals. Finally, another comparative analysis using the scores an independent variable, showed that students with higher grades presented more orientation to the goals-task and greater self-efficacy. The present study demonstrates a positive correlation between self-efficacy and ratings or score, task-goals, and achievementsmotive. Thus, we can suggest an individualized study of each child where self-efficacy could be seen as a means of predicting new results.

The associated benefits of physical exercise on cognition have been studied in terms of different variables. These benefits in natural environments have been studied during the last decades, and several investigations have shown contradictory results, it could be explained by the diversity of methodological variables that influence the results. The present study aims to analyse the acute effect of a 10 km resistance test in two environments (natural and artificial) on working memory, evaluated with the Digit Span Test. Thirteen highly trained University Students exceeded the inclusion criteria for the study, the methodological recommendations found in previous studies were implemented. The physical exercise intervention was running 10 kilometres at a rate of between 4.00 min/km and 4.10 min/km. This exercise was done in two circuits, in an artificial and natural environment. The subjective perception of effort and the control over the difficulty of the two circuits were controlled to confirm the same level of intensity. One-way ANOVA with Pre-Artificial Environment Condition (0.23 ± 0.16) and Post Artificial Environment Condition (0.94 ± 0.03)] revealed a significant main effect of environment condition, t (13) = 2.14, p < .05, d = 0.62. The results obtained showed how the natural environment produced significant improvements however, the artificial environment improved the results in the cognitive test, although not significantly. The results could be explained by the theory of restoration of attention that natural environments represent, confirming the hypothesis that the performance of physical exercise in natural environments produces an additional effect on working memory.

Sport represents a core content within of the Spanish Secondary Physical Education curriculum. Thus, perceptional and decisional processes should be pivotal elements to be take into consideration when successfully tackling the design and planning the sport teaching and learning process in the context of secondary school Physical Education. More particularly, the MATE game may be a suitable strategy to be implemented by physical educators in enhancing both processes and, consequently, providing students with a quality teaching for any sport. Therefore, the present study aims to show a curricular implementation proposal that, based on secondary Physical Education curriculum, helps students improve the perceptual and decisional process involved in teaching of sport through the game of MATE. To do this, a 13-lesson teaching unit is shown, considering the progression of this game as a main instructional strategy in terms of managing to increase the cognitive and decisional complexity for the student through the introduction of new rules and materials, such as mats (and their disposition) or increasing the number of balls that intervened during the game. Thus, this study aims to provide an integrated learning proposal, in which students understand the internal logic of the game and, consequently improve their participation and performance in it. Resumen. El deporte representa un contenido central dentro del currículum de Educación Física en Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. De esta manera, los procesos de carácter tanto perceptivo como decisional deben tenerse en cuenta elementos calve a la hora de planificar y diseñar con éxito el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en educación física. Más particularmente, el juego del mate puede ser una estrategia adecuada a ser usada por el profesorado de educación física a la hora de mejorar ambos procesos y, consecuentemente, ofrecer al alumnado una enseñanza de calidad para cualquier deporte. Por tanto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo presentar una propuesta de implementación curricular que, fundamentada en el currículum de Educación Física en Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, ayude al estudiantado a mejorar el proceso perceptivo y decisional implicado en la enseñanza del deporte mediante el juego del mate. Para ello, se presenta una unidad didáctica de 13 sesiones, teniendo en cuenta la progresión de este juego como principal estrategia didáctica en cuanto a la gestión del aumento de la complejidad cognitivo y decisional del estudiante por medio de la introducción de nuevas reglas y materiales tales como el número de casas (y su disposición) o el incremento del número de balones que intervienen en el juego. De este modo, este estudio pretende ofrecer una propuesta de aprendizaje integrada, en la cual el alumnado comprende la lógica interna del juego y, como consecuencia, mejora su participación y rendimiento en este juego.