A mechanism showing the role of carrier gas on the N-configuration of the post-N-doped CSs synthesized in the presence of (a) H2 and (b) Ar, respectively.

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We report here on the recently built Heavy Ion ERDA set up at iThemba LABS Gauteng; describing a typ-ical application in the study of interfacial reactions in an Al 2 O 3 -Ti ceramic-metal multilayer structure annealed in vacuum at 800 °C for 2 h. Depth profile extraction was found to be best obtained through combined use of direct calculation and Monte Carlo simulation codes as opposed to using just either of the methods. The obtained profile suggests a case of the Kirkendall effect, whereupon the inter-diffu-sion between the metal and the ceramic was largely due to the faster diffusion of the metal into the amor-phous ceramic than diffusion of the ceramic elements into the metallic layer.

The optical performance of the perovskite materials is enhanced through material optimization. This work seeks to establish the role of antisolvent and additive with new material composition on light absorption property. Due to this composition we extended the wavelengths to near Infrared range which is a suitable property for photovoltaic device. From the features of the film, optical parameters, together with anti-stoke shift and dielectric constant were calculated using Cauchy dispersion formalism. Based on our results, dielectric constant which is considered as a design parameter for photovoltaic cell and an unusual anti-stoke shift were observed. In sum, the optical properties are tied to material composition, morphology and technique used.

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