DISCLAIMER This paper was submitted to the Bulletin of the World Health Organization and was posted to the COVID-19 open site, according to the protocol for public health emergencies for international concern as described in Vasee Moorthy et al.

DescritoresQualidade de vida. Idoso. Avaliação, modelos estatísticos. Resumo Objectivos

Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...

Objective: To analyze the influence of socioeconomic, demographic, epidemiological factors, and the health system structure in the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Methods: Ecological study with variables extracted from databases, having the incidence and mortality by COVID-19 until August 23, 2020, in Brazilian states, as response variables. The magnitude of the associations was estimated using Spearman's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: In the Brazilian states, 59.8% of variation in the incidence of COVID-19 was justified by income inequality, significant home densification, and higher mortality. In the case of mortality, those same variables explained 57.9% of the country's variations in federal units. Conclusion: Our results indicate that socioeconomic factors influenced the evolution and impact of COVID-19 in Brazil. Thus, we suggest comprehensive actions to ensure economic conditions and strengthening of health networks for populations with socioeconomic vulnerability.

Resumo: O Brasil tem registrado aumento nas incidências de sífilis gestacional e congênita, revelando-se como um importante problema de saúde pública no país. O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre as ofertas de diagnóstico e tratamento da sífilis na atenção básica e as incidências de sífilis gestacional e congênita. Foi realizado estudo ecológico analisando as incidências desses agravos e a cobertura de ações diagnósticas e terapêuticas na atenção básica. A amostra do estudo foi composta por municípios com população acima de 20.000 habitantes, com cobertura da atenção básica superior a 50% e nos quais a maioria das equipes foi avaliada no segundo ciclo do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade na Atenção Básica. Para analisar a efetividade das ações de detecção e tratamento foi desenvolvido o Índice de Variação da Transmissão Vertical de Sífilis. A administração da penicilina e a realização de teste rápido nesses municípios obtiveram medianas iguais a 41,9% e 67,14%, respectivamente, com diferenças regionais. A mediana da incidência de sífilis gestacional foi 6,24 (IIQ: 2,63-10,99) em municípios com maior oferta de teste rápido, e de 3,82 (IIQ: 0,00-8,21) naqueles com oferta inferior, apontando aumento na capacidade de detecção. Municípios com redução da transmissão vertical apresentavam maiores medianas dos percentuais de equipes com oferta dos testes rápidos (83,33%; IIQ: 50,00-100,00) e realização de penicilina (50,00%; IIQ: 11,10-87,50), demonstrando relação entre estas ações e a redução de sífilis congênita. Os achados indicam a necessidade de ampliação dessas ofertas e reforça a importância na redução da transmissão vertical.