Este trabalho teve como objetivo a elaboração de biscoitos tipo cookie sem glúten sabor chocolate com a utilização de farelo de feijão, farinha de arroz e amido de mandioca. O farelo de feijão, descarte da obtenção de amido, tem elevado valor nutricional com destaque para os teores de proteínas e fibras; a farinha de arroz, subproduto do beneficiamento do cereal, apresenta sabor neutro, da mesma maneira que o amido de mandioca. Consideram-se estas como matérias-primas potenciais para utilização em diversos alimentos, substituindo farinha de trigo na obtenção de produtos livres de glúten. Três formulações foram desenvolvidas contendo as seguintes proporções (em %, m m-1) de farelo de feijão, farinha de arroz e amido de mandioca, em relação à quantidade total de ingredientes amiláceos utilizados, respectivamente: formulação A (50:50:0); B (41,7:41,7:16,6); C (33,3:33,3:33,4). As formulações foram analisadas considerando-se características físico-químicas, sensoriais e em relação a textura instrumental. Os biscoitos revelaram, sob o aspecto nutricional, elevados teores de fibra alimentar total e de proteínas, bem como boa aceitação sensorial. Os biscoitos da formulação A se destacaram, pois continham os maiores teores de proteínas e de fibra alimentar total, além do melhor desempenho na análise sensorial. Desta forma, considerou-se viável a produção de biscoitos tipo cookie sem glúten sabor chocolate com a utilização de farelo de feijão e farinha de arroz, sendo opcional a adição de amido de mandioca para melhorar a textura.
After natural fermentation and solar drying, sour cassava starch acquires expansion property. Traditionally, solar drying occurs without protection, and consequently physical contamination can arise. Thus, the aim of this study was to produce sour cassava starch using a low-cost solar dryer to prevent contamination, whilst retaining the expansion property. The samples were characterized in relation to chemical composition, microscopy and physical contaminants, as well as expansion, thermal, pasting, structural and technological properties. In addition, biscuits were prepared and compared with commercial samples. The solar dryer provided faster drying and lower moisture levels than the control. The specific volumes of the sun-dried products were similar to the control, with minimized contamination. The granules of the starches showed slight erosion on their surface, which was probably due to amylolytic enzymes. X-ray diffraction showed a typical A-type pattern. DSC analysis resulted in higher gelatinization temperatures and enthalpy changes for the sour cassava starch. The pasting properties showed a reduction in the viscosity peak at neutral pH. Although the cassava starch biscuits made with sour cassava starch dried in the solar dryer presented lower expansion levels in relation to the other biscuits produced with commercial sour cassava starch, they had desirable sensory characteristics.
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