The study was approved by the Ethics Committee for the Analysis of Research Projects of the HCFMUSP (approval number: 34115720.5.0000.0068). Study design and locationThis cohort study is in progress, and will evaluate 400 patients who were admitted to referral hospitals for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study will conduct a 1-year follow-up among these patients at four evaluation time points: 1, 4, 6, and 12 months after hospital discharge.

Introdução: A queda é um fenômeno indesejável para pessoa idosa (PI), pois, pode culminar em prejuízo funcional e aumento da mortalidade. O rastreamento do risco de cair da PI facilita a implementação de estratégias específicas de prevenção. Objetivo: Avaliar o risco, o medo de cair e as variáveis associadas ao medo de cair de PI atendidas por uma clínica escola de reabilitação (CER) na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Casuística e Método: Estudo transversal que compreendeu 40 PI (72,5% do gênero feminino; idade média 68±7,63 anos) atendidas na CER. A coleta de dados consistiu (i) na aquisição de dados demográficos e na avaliação (ii) do medo de cair (Escala de Avaliação da Autoeficácia de QuedasFES-I); (iii) do risco de quedas (Timed Up and Go – TUG e Berg Balance Scale - BERG); (iv) da velocidade de marcha (Teste de Velocidade de Marcha de 6 Metros - 6mVelMar). O coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi calculado para verificar associação entre a FES-I e as demais variáveis coletadas. Resultados: Trinta e cinco porcento dos participantes eram caidores e reportaram, em média, 2 quedas nos últimos 6 meses. A idade, TUG (mediana: 11 segundos; IQ: 9,00-13,75), BERG (mediana: 54 pontos; IQ: 48-55) e 6mVelMar (média: 1,20±0,39 m/s) apresentaram associação com a pontuação de FES-I (mediana: 23 pontos; IQ: 19,25–33,50; p < 0,001). A BERG foi a variável que apresentou associação moderada e negativa com a FES-I (coeficiente de correlação: -0,601; p < 0,001). As variáveis como sexo, ocorrência de quedas, número de quedas e polifarmácia não apresentaram associação com a pontuação da FES-I. Conclusão: A despeito do baixo risco de quedas, as PI apresentaram medo de cair. O medo de cair esteve associado à idade, ao equilíbrio, ao tempo de TUG e à velocidade de marcha.

ResumoO nervo isquiático e o músculo piriforme são estruturas intimamente relacionadas devido à anatomia, em que o nervo passa abaixo do músculo em seu trajeto normal. Por essa razão, qualquer alteração pode causar dor isquiática. Diante da importância do conhecimento das variações destas duas estruturas objetivamos avaliar e descrever as relações do nervo isquiático com o músculo piriforme em cadáveres de fetos humanos e de crianças de até um ano de vida pós-natal. Foram dissecados oitenta e sete indivíduos conservados pelo método de Giacomini, todos pertencentes ao acervo didático do Departamento de Anatomia do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo (DA/ ICB-USP). Dos indivíduos estudados, 70 possuíam idade fetal compreendida entre 18 e 28 semanas de vida intra-uterina (V.I.U) e 17 indivíduos desde natimortos até um ano de vida pós-natal. Do total, 40 eram do gênero masculino e 47 do gênero feminino. 19 indivíduos apresentaram variações: 14 com o nervo isquiático dividindo-se antes de sua chegada à região do músculo piriforme e 5 com uma variação no trajeto do nervo isquiático. Não foram encontradas correlações estatísticas da incidência de variações anatômicas do nervo isquiático com a idade, gênero ou antímero. Palavras-chave: Anatomia. Nervo Isquiático. Variação Anatômica AbstractThe sciatic nerve and the piriformis muscle are closely related structures due to their anatomy, in which the nerve passes below the muscle in its normal path. For this reason, any anatomical changes can cause sciatic pain. Considering the importance of knowing the variations of these two structures, we aim to evaluate and describe the relationship of the sciatic nerve with the piriformis muscle in cadavers of human fetuses and of children up to one year of postnatal life. Eighty-seven individuals preserved by the Giacomini method, all belonging to the didactic collection of the Department of Anatomy of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of São Paulo (DA / ICB-USP), were dissected. Of the individuals studied, 70 had fetal ages ranging from 18 to 28 weeks of intrauterine life (IU) and 17 individuals from stillbirth to one year of postnatal life. Of the total, 40 were male and 47 female. 19 individuals presented variations: 14 with the sciatic nerve dividing before their arrival in the region of the piriformis muscle and 5 with a variation in the path of the sciatic nerve. No statistical correlations were found for the incidence of anatomical variations of the sciatic nerve with age, gender or antimere.

Background: Cognitive damage is observed in those hospitalized by COVID-19, which may be associated with hypoxia and sedation, but it is not established whether there is an association with postural control. Objective: To verify the correlation between cognition and postural control of individuals hospitalized by COVID-19. Design and setting: Prospective cohort study at a referral hospital for the treatment of severe cases by COVID-19. Method: The primary end point was cognition (10 CS) and the secondary end points with postural control (Brief Best Test), mobility (Time Up and Go - TUG) and muscular endurance and strength (time to sit and stand 5 times and 1 minute [min]). Data analysis was performed using the JASP software and a significance level of p<0.05 was adopted. For descriptive analysis, mean, standard deviation and frequency were used. Pearson’s coefficient test was used to analyze possible correlation between variables. Results: As preliminary results, 91 patients with average age (59.29 ± 11.37) years, 54.94% female and 45.05% male were evaluated. There was a weak negative correlation between 10CS and Brief (r = -0.270; p = 0.013), a strong positive correlation between 10CS and sitting and standing time 5 times (r = 0.404; p<0.001) and a negative correlation between 10CS and sitting test and raise 1 me. (r = -0.342; p = 0.002). There was no association between 10CS and TUG over 12.6 seconds. Conclusion: In patients who presented cognitive deficit after hospitalization due to COVID-19, an association with deficit in postural control, resistance and muscle strength was observed.

Background: Covid-19 associated with hospitalization results in damage to structures and body functions. Objective: Analyze the postural control of patients with functional loss after hospitalization by COVID-19. Design and setting: Prospective cohort study that evaluated patients after 1 month of discharge from Clinical Hospital - FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil. Methodology: Functionality before and after hospitalization (Barthel Index), balance (Brief BalanceEvaluation Systems Test- BriefBESTest) and postural control (Static Posturography - Horus®Platform) were evaluated and divided into two groups: functional impairment (FI) and without functional impairment (WFI). Independent T test and Mann- Whitney were applicated for groups comparison (p=0.05). Result: 67 patients were evaluated. FI had 30 patients (44.7%) with a mean age of 62.8 (±10.7), 19 (63.3%) female and 11 (36.6%) male. WFI had 37 patients (55.2%) around average age of 57.7 (±11.6), 13 (35.1 %) female and 24 (64,8 %) male. There was a difference between groups in BriefBESTest (p=0.005) and the measurements of: trust ellipse (EC)-mm² and EC/Stability limit (LM) -% in Open eyes stable surface (OASE) (p=0.042 ; p=0.017), Open eyes unstable surface (OASI) (p=0.018; p=0.004) and Eyes closed unstable surface (OFSI) (p=0.004; p=0.002); Midlateral velocity (ML) in OASI (p=0.008); Functional residual balance in OASI (p=0.018) and OFSI (p=0.002); ML displacement and the anteroposterior of the maximum LM to the left (p=0.048; p=0.028). Conclusion: There is a difference between the FI and WFI groups regarding balance and postural control. It is suggested to include evaluations and targeted interventions for balance improvement and postural control after hospitalization by COVID-19.