Adesão de adolescentes com fibrose cística a terapia de reposição enzimática: fatores associadosAdherence of adolescents with cystic fibrosis to enzyme replacement therapy: associated factors Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à adesão a terapia de reposição enzimática em adolescentes com Fibrose cística. Estudo transversal, descritivo e observacional. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e clínicos. Os instrumentos utilizados para avaliar adesão foram: questionário de Morisky-Green e a dispensação de medicação na farmácia e para os fatores associados, entrevista com questionário estruturado. Foram entrevistados 44 adolescentes. Segundo o método de análise de dispensação da farmácia e o questionário de Morisky-Green, encontramos uma adesão de 45,5% e 11,4%, respectivamente. A maior adesão foi observada naqueles com diagnóstico precoce e a menor nos adolescentes mais velhos e nas meninas. Os fatores com a maior prevalência de não adesão foram: não levar as enzimas ao comer fora de casa, tomar enzimas somente nas grandes refeições, função pulmonar normal, com obstrução grave e muito grave. A prevalência de adesão a enzima foi pequena. Informações relacionadas à doença e ao tratamento devem ser aprimoradas, principalmente em adolescentes mais velhos e com comprometimento da função pulmonar, com criação de estratégias e estudos longitudinais para identificar fatores que interferem na adesão. Palavras-chave Adesão à medicação, Fibrose cística e terapia de reposição de enzimasAbstract This article sets out to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with adherence to enzyme replacement therapy among adolescents with cystic fibrosis. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected. The instruments used to assess adherence were: the Morisky-Green questionnaire and medication dispensation at the pharmacy, and interviews with structured questionnaires for the associated factors. Forty-four adolescents were interviewed. According to the method of the pharmacy medication dispensation analysis and the Morisky-Green questionnaire, the adherence of 45.5% and 11.4% was found, respectively. The higher adherence was observed in those with early diagnosis and the lowest in older adolescents and girls. The factors with the highest prevalence of non-adherence were: not taking enzymes when eating out of the home; only taking enzymes with major meals; normal lung function; with severe and very severe obstruction. The prevalence of adhesion to enzymes was low. Information related to the disease and treatment should be improved, especially among older adolescents and with impairment of lung function, with the creation of strategies and longitudinal studies to identify factors that interfere with adherence.
Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma revisão integrativa de literatura sobre os métodos de desenvolvimento de aplicativos móveis para crianças e adolescentes que vivem com doenças crônicas. Foi analisada a literatura disponível no Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Lilacs e Embase, no período de 2010 a 2020. De 87 artigos identificados nas bases de dados, oito atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e qualidade. Observou-se que o uso do humor, da gamificação e da linguagem simples e visual atraente despertou o interesse e facilita a utilização do aplicativo. A análise da literatura evidenciou que o desenvolvimento de aplicativos para crianças e adolescentes deve reconhecer as necessidades do usuário e incluí-lo em sua criação. Os aplicativos móveis de saúde favoreceram a adesão e o autocuidado e foram importantes aliados no cuidado de crianças e adolescentes adoecidos cronicamente.
Relatar as trajetórias percorridas, os aprendizados e as dificuldades da gestão de enfermagem durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Relato de experiência realizado através de estudos e discussões entre profissionais de enfermagem durante o período de março a outubro de 2020. Verificamos que o desenvolvimento e a aplicabilidade de protocolos para fluxo de atendimento foram fundamentais para que não houvesse transmissão cruzada, além de otimizar o atendimento dos casos suspeitos ou confirmados de COVID-19, o controle e gerenciamento dos equipamentos de proteção individual se fez necessário para que não houvesse falta. O apoio da equipe de enfermagem e o suporte psicológico oferecido aos profissionais foram fundamentais para uma assistência segura e de qualidade. O uso de dispositivos digitais deve ser incorporado na rotina administrativa.Descritores: Covid-19, Gestão em Saúde, Enfermagem, Criança. Challenges of nursing management in the COVID-19 pandemicAbstract: To report the trajectories followed, the lessons learned and the difficulties of nursing management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Report of experience carried out through studies and discussions among nursing professionals during the period from March to October 2020. We found that the development and applicability of protocols for the flow of care were fundamental so that there was no cross-transmission, in addition to optimizing care for suspected or confirmed cases of COVID – 19, the control and management of personal protective equipment was necessary so that there was no lack. The support of the nursing team and the psychological support offered to professionals were essential for safe and quality care. The use of digital devices must be incorporated into the administrative routine.Descriptors: Covid-19, Health Management, Nursing, Child. Desafíos de la gestión de enfermería en la pandemia de COVID-19Resumen: Reportar las trayectorias seguidas, las lecciones aprendidas y las dificultades de la gestión de enfermería durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Relato de experiencia realizada a través de estudios y discusiones entre profesionales de enfermería durante el período de marzo a octubre de 2020. Encontramos que el desarrollo y aplicabilidad de protocolos para el flujo de atención fue fundamental para que no existiera transmisión cruzada, además de optimizar la atención de los casos sospechosos o confirmados de COVID-19, era necesario el control y manejo de los equipos de protección personal para que no faltasen. El apoyo del equipo de enfermería y el apoyo psicológico brindado a los profesionales fueron fundamentales para una atención segura y de calidad. El uso de dispositivos digitales debe incorporarse a la rutina administrativa.Descriptores: Covid-19, Gestión en Salud, Enfermería, Niño.
Tuberculosis (TB) causes 1 in 3 deaths among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Diagnosing and treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is critical to reducing TB incidence and mortality. Blood-based screening tests (e.g., QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT+)) and shorter-course TB preventive therapy (TPT) regimens such as 3HP (3 months weekly isoniazid-rifapentine) hold significant promise to improve TB outcomes. We qualitatively explored barriers and solutions to optimizing QFT+ and 3HP among PLHIV in three cities in Brazil. We conducted 110 in-depth interviews with PLHIV, health care providers (HCP) and key informants (KI). Content analysis was conducted including the use of case summaries and comparison of themes across populations and contexts. LTBI screening and treatment practices were dependent on HCP’s perceptions of whether they were critical to improving TB outcomes. Many HCP lacked a strong understanding of LTBI and perceived the current TPT regimen as complicated. HCP reported that LTBI screening and treatment were constrained by clinic staffing challenges. While PLHIV generally expressed willingness to consider any test or treatment that doctors recommended, they indicated HCP rarely discussed LTBI and TPT. TB testing and treatment requests were constrained by structural factors including financial and food insecurity, difficulties leaving work for appointments, stigma and family responsibilities. QFT+ and 3HP were viewed by all participants as tools that could significantly improve the LTBI cascade by avoiding complexities of TB skin tests and longer LTBI treatment courses. QFT+ and 3HP were perceived to have challenges, including the potential to increase workload on over-burdened health systems if not implemented alongside improved supply chains, staffing, and training, and follow-up initiatives. Multi-level interventions that increase understanding of the importance of LTBI and TPT among HCP, improve patient-provider communication, and streamline clinic-level operations related to QFT+ and 3HP are needed to optimize their impact among PLHIV and reduce TB mortality.
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