Jussara palm (Euterpe edulis) is a native plant of the Atlantic rainy forest, with large economic interest. The species is shade-tolerant and currently it is restricted to certain areas of difficult access. The most effective way to reintroduce it into the environment or increase the population density for conservation and commercial exploitation is promoting seed propagation. Considering that the jussara palm is an ombrophylous species, this experiment aimed to simulate forest conditions, with different shade levels, to analyze its influence on seed germination. After processing the seeds (depulping), 500 seeds were sown in containers (20 x 30 x 8 cm) filled with forest ground and grown in five shade levels (0, 20, 40,60, and 80%, simulated using black shadenet). The experimental design was blocks at random, with four 25-seed replications. We evaluated the percentage of seed germination and the Emergence Speed Index (ESI). Seed germination started 103 days after sowing. Although the percentage of germinated seeds in the different treatments varied between 53 (0% shade) and 72% (60% shade), there was no significant shade influence over percentage of seed germination and ESI.
ResumoO objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada em diferentes épocas nas características agronômicas de cultivares de feijão comum, no período da entressafra. Foi instalado um experimento no município de Gurupi-TO, com blocos ao acaso, sob esquema fatorial 3 x 5, constituído por três cultivares e cinco épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados os cultivares IAC Alvorada, IPR Juriti e BRS Requinte. Quanto à adubação nitrogenada, foram avaliadas 5 épocas, sendo a primeira correspondente a testemunha (E 1 = zero de N) e as demais com a aplicação de 100 kg.ha -1 de N, utilizando-se ureia como fonte, da seguinte forma: E 2 = 100% de N aplicado na semeadura; E 3 = 100% de N aplicado aos 25 dias após a emergência (DAE); E 4 = 50% de N aplicado 20 DAE e 50% 30 DAE; E 5 = 33% de N aplicado 15 DAE, 33% 25 DAE e 33% 35 DAE. Existiu variabilidade genética entre os cultivares quanto à resposta, bem como diferenças entre as épocas de adubação nitrogenada. Os cultivares IAC Alvorada e IPR Juriti obtiveram maior produtividade de grãos. A época de aplicação de nitrogênio parcelada em 15, 25 e 35 DAE proporcionou maior produtividade de grãos para os cultivares IAC Alvorada e IPR Juriti.Palavras-chave: Cultivares de feijão; Parcelamento de nitrogênio; Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Produtividade de grãos; Teor de nitrogênio foliar Abstract Nitrogen fertilization in irrigated common bean at different times, with and without dose division. This article aims to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization at different times on the agronomic characteristics of common bean cultivars, within the intercrop period. An experiment was installed in the town of Gurupi, Tocantins, Brazil, with randomized blocks, under a 3 x 5 factorial scheme, consisting of 3 cultivars and 5 nitrogen application times, with 4 repetitions. We evaluated the cultivars IAC Alvorada, IPR Juriti, and BRS Demo Version, http://www.verydoc.com and http://www.verypdf.com Revista Biotemas, 27 (1), março de 2014 10 D. P. Ramos et al.Requinte. Regarding nitrogen fertilization, we evaluated 5 times, the irst corresponding to control (E 1 = N zero) and the others applying 100 kg.ha -1 of nitrogen, using urea as their source, as follows: E 2 = 100% of N applied at sowing; E 3 = 100% of N applied 25 days after emergence (DAE); E 4 = 50% of N applied 20 DAE and 50% 30 DAE; E 5 = 33% of N applied 15 DAE, 33% 25 DAE, and 33% 35 DAE. There was genetic variability among cultivars with regard to response, as well as differences between nitrogen fertilization times. The cultivars IAC Alvorada and IPR Juriti obtained higher grain yields. The nitrogen application time divided into 15, 25 and 35 DAE enabled a higher grain yield for the cultivars IAC Alvorada and IPR Juriti.
<p class="Default"><span class="hps"><span>O feijão-caupi, também conhecido como feijão-de-corda, é um dos componentes mais importantes da dieta alimentar de povos das regiões tropicais e subtropicais do mundo, sendo a principal fonte de proteína para os agricultores familiares das regiões norte e nordeste do Brasil. Com objetivo de avaliar o potencial de genótipos de feijão-caupi para produção de grãos verdes nas condições de Gurupi-TO, foi conduzido um experimento na estação experimental da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus Universitário de Gurupi, no período de março a maio de 2013. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de vinte genótipos de feijão-caupi, sendo dezesseis linhagens e quatro cultivares. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. A parcela experimental foi representada por quatro linhas de cinco metros de comprimento, com espaçamento de 0,5 m entre linhas, sendo as duas linhas centrais a área útil. Foram avaliados comprimento de vagem, peso de vagem, peso de grãos por vagem, número de grãos por vagem, peso de cem grãos, índice de grãos e produtividade de grãos verdes. As linhagens MNC02-684F-5-6, MNC02-682F-2-6, MNC03-736F-7 e MNC02-683F-1 e as cultivares BRS-ITAIM e BRS-CAUAMÉ destacam-se com indicativo de grande adaptabilidade na região de Gurupi sob regime irrigado.</span></span></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Evaluation of cowpea genotypes for green grain production in Gurupi, state T</em></strong><strong><em>ocantins</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> The cowpea, also known as feijão-de-corda, is one of the most important components of the diet of peoples in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, being the main source of protein for the family farmers of the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. With the objective of evaluating the potential of cowpea genotypes for production of green grains under the Gurupi-To conditions, an experiment was conducted in the experimental station of the Universidade Federal do Tocantins [Federal University of Tocantins) Gurupi Campus, in the period of March to May of 2013. The treatments consisted of twenty cowpea genotypes, being sixteen lines and four cultivars. The experimental design in randomized blocks with four replications was utilized. The experimental plot was represented by four rows five meters long, with spacing of 0.5 m interrows, the two central rows being the useful area. Pod length, pod weight, grain weight per pod, number of grains per pod, weight of one hundred grains, grain index and green grain yield were evaluated. Lines MNC02-684F-5-6, MNC02-682F-2-6, MNC03-736F-7 and MNC02-683F-1 and cultivars BRS-ITAIM and BRS-CAUAMÉ stand out with an indicative of great adaptability in the region of Gurupi under irrigated regime.</p><p class="Default"><span class="hps"><span><br /></span></span></p>
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