2) Moscow Engineering-Physical Institute -Moscow 115409, USSR (3) NPO VNIIFTRI -Mendeleevo, Moscow Region 141570, USSR (ricevuto il 7 Maggio 1991; revisionato il 28 Ottobre 1991; approvato il 18 Novembre 1991) ~Let us take a big metallic screen and make in it a small metallic hole.,, M. A. Leontovitch -Talk in a seminarSummary. --It was found that, when metastable hydrogen 2sl/2-atoms pass through a two-electrode atomic interferometer, the yield of 2p-atoms essentially depends on the field direction. This large-scale effect can hardly be understood on the basis of quantum-mechanical concepts on the behaviour of an H-atom in electric field. In further experiments the said effect was shown to be a secondary one, namely, it arises due to transformation of the pure 2Sl/2-state into the (2s-2p)-superposition as H-atoms fly through the interferometer entrance slit.PACS 42.50 -Quantum optics.

We proposed an automatic sorting method based on a virtual optical chip, which was formed by a complex-amplitude beam shaping system. The automatic sorting of different micro-particles was realized by the optical forces of the intensity and phase gradients of the reconstructed optical beam. The method was verified with theoretical analysis and experimental results. Compared with the traditional optical sorting methods, the proposed one does not need high-precision mechanical and/or microfluidic devices. The optical chip is flexible in structure and efficient in optical sorting and can be used in the fields of medical detection and material sensing.

In this work, we investigate the non-Markovianity, quantum Fisher information (QFI) and quantum coherence of a qubit in a nonequilibrium environment and have obtained the expressions of QFI and quantum coherence as well as their relationship. We have also discussed in detail the influences of the different noise parameters on these quantum sffects. The results show that the suitable parameters of the nonequilibrium environment can retard the QFI and quantum coherence in both Markovian and non-Markovian regions. In addition, the smaller memory effects and the larger the jumping rate, the greater the QFI and quantum coherence. And a larger QFI naturally corresponds to a larger quantum coherence, which indicates that the quantum coherence can enlarge the QFI and can effectively enhance the quantum metrology.

Beams with auto-focusing property and a controllable number of wave lobes are of special significance. In this work, based on the helical phase-tuning and the Airy beam, we generate a chiral optical light, which focuses with both radial and angular self-accelerations. The light using the three-dimensional (3D) velocity to control the propagation dimension and the auto-rotating property of intensity peak for the two transverse dimensions is termed as 3D auto-focusing-type chiral optical light (ACOL), which can be controlled by multi-parameters theoretically and experimentally for possessing the characteristics of chiral, focusing, acceleration, rotation, etc. Owing to these characteristics, the ACOL has promising applications in optical micro-manipulation and super-resolution imaging.