Bacterial infection is an urgent public health problem. We design a novel photo-responsive hybrid material by growing small molecules of curcumin (Cur) in situ on a sea urchin-like Bi2S3 surface...

Osteomyelitis caused by bacteria is a deep-seated lesion and is often treated clinically with antibiotics. Long-term use of antibiotics may predispose bacteria to develop resistance. Here, CuCeO x material is applied to treat infectious bacterial osteomyelitis using microwave (MW)-assisted bacterial killing. Heat generation occurs as a result of the dielectric properties of the material under MW irradiation, and the material generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) under MW irradiation. Heat and ROS increase the thermal sensitivity and permeability of bacterial cell membranes, and the released copper ions easily penetrate the bacterial membrane and react with H 2 O 2 to produce a toxic hydroxyl group inside the bacteria, leading to the bacteria's eventual death. This is due to the synergistic effect of the MW thermal effect, ROS, and the breaking of the equilibrium within the bacteria. CuCeO x can effectively treat osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus using MW irradiation. This study can safely and effectively address the challenge of deep tissue infections by shedding light on non-invasive antimicrobial systems and using MW thermal therapy and MW dynamics to achieve therapeutic results.