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Research findings of natural radioactivity of materials widely used in industrial and civil construction, are presented. The research is carried out according complex techniques which include measurement and calculation of radiation parameters establishing natural radioactivity of materials – specific radioactivity of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, summarised specific radioactivity, equivalent dose rate and radon flow density. Finish and masonry materials were used as principle objects of the research. The obtained findings allow to make a conclusion that all the studied materials are related to the first class and may be used unrestricted. Comparison with foreign data is provided. Correlation between radiation parameters is established. The data received may be deployed for comparative analysis of the Russian and European approaches to assessment of radiation safety to use the studied types of building materials.

3D models of objects of urban development, created by the results of aerial photographic operations or laser scanning, have high metric accuracy, but require significant labor costs, both in terms of creation and visualization. To construct three-dimensional models that allow the user to perceive information in the usual spatial form, and satisfying the accuracy requirements for solving urban planning problems, it is proposed to automate the reverse engineering process based on the Metashape and ContextCapture software products.

Natural radionuclides include the 238U and 232Th radioactive families with daughter decay products and 40K potassium. In addition to these, the raw materials may contain man-made radioactive nuclides formed due to accidents at the nuclear facilities and its uncontrolled release into the environment (for example, 137Cs). Reducing the impact of radiation exposure on humans and the environment is an urgent task, both in Russia and abroad, given the rapid quantitative growth of the range, manufacturers, suppliers and consumers of building materials associated with the general trend of urbanization. Currently, there is a large number of studies on the natural and man-made radioactivity of building materials. As a rule, they present disparate and local scientific results, which complicates their accessibility to a wide range of interested parties manufacturers and consumers of construction products. Therefore, it is necessary that information on the radiation and environmental cleanliness of various materials and products was easily accessible to all comers. An information system on the natural and man-made radioactivity of building materials and products should become a tool for solving this problem. The work outlines the principles of creation and practical implementation, structure and content, goals, objectives of the field of destination and application of the information system for natural and man-made radioactivity of building materials and products.

The production of human activity has led to the formation of technogenic radiation background, which is formed in its habitat due to initially distributed in the structures of the earth, particularly in rocks, “eternal” natural radionuclides (NRN). In its turn, rocks are the main raw material for building materials and products from them. Natural radionuclides are a source of radiation hazard to humans and their habitats throughout the entire chain of production and use of building materials for the construction of residential, administrative and industrial buildings. In order to reduce the factors of the negative impact of man-made radiation background on a person it is possible on the basis of studies of the radiation characteristics of building materials and raw materials for their manufacture, to identify sources of NRN in the chain from rocks to industrial production. In turn, the completeness and validity of the results is possible only on the basis of a comprehensive geo-environmental assessment of the radiation hazard characteristics of building materials and raw materials for their manufacture, which will reduce the negative impact on the ecology of the human environment through the use of “radiation-friendly” materials.