Objective: To assess the potential value of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) at 11–13 weeks’ gestation in early screening for fetal neural tube defects (NTDs). Methods: Maternal serum AFP at 11–13 weeks’ gestation was measured in 32 cases of fetal NTDs, including 18 cases of acrania and 14 cases of spina bifida, and 1,500 unaffected controls. The measured serum AFP was converted into multiple of the expected median (MoM) after adjustment for gestational age and maternal characteristics and Mann-Whitney test was used to determine the significance of difference in the mean MoM of serum AFP in the NTD group to that in the controls. Results: The mean AFP MoM in the NTD group (1.76, 95% CI 1.39–2.23) was significantly higher than in the controls (p < 0.0001). The mean AFP MoM was not significantly different between the cases of acrania and cases of spina bifida (1.78 vs. 1.75; p = 0.722). The detection rates of NTD in screening by serum AFP were 50.0% (95% CI 31.9–68.1) and 37.5% (95% CI 21.1–56.3) at fixed false-positive rates of 10 and 5%, respectively. Conclusion: Measurement ofmaternal serum AFP at 11–13 weeks’ gestation may be useful in screening for fetal NTDs.
Con el objetivo de determinar los valores normales de gases en sangre en la arteria umbilical de neonatos a término a 3400 m de altitud se hizo un estudio transversal, realizado en la sangre de la arteria umbilical de 300 neonatos a término, adecuados para la edad gestacional y cuyo parto se dio entre enero de 2010 a diciembre de 2011 en el Hospital Nacional Adolfo Guevara Velazco de EsSalud (Cusco, Perú). Se encontró que la media del pH de neonatos sanos a término fue de 7,33 ± 0,07, los valores para los percentiles 5 y 95 fueron 7,18 y 7,40 respectivamente. En conclusión, se han construido las tablas con los percentiles 5 al 95 para el pH, pO 2 , pCO 2 , SO 2 , p50, exceso de bases y HCO 3 , de la arteria umbilical de neonatos a término a 3400 m de altitud.
La malformación adenomatosa quística (MAQ) es una rara lesión pulmonar fetal y se caracteriza por un crecimiento exagerado de los bronquiolos terminales, los cuales forman quistes. Describimos un caso de diagnóstico y manejo prenatal y postnatal de MAQ a 3,400 msnm (Cusco).
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