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PurposeThe link between supply chain agility (SCA) and performance has been tested in previous research with different samples and results. The present paper quantitatively analyses and summarises the impact of SCA on performance found in previous empirical papers and determines the influence of several identified moderators.Design/methodology/approachUsing a meta-analysis approach based on a systematic literature review, a total of 63 empirical papers comprising a sample of 14,469 firms were meta-analysed to consider substantive (type of performance and SCA operationalisation) and extrinsic (economic region and industry) moderators.FindingsResults confirm a significantly large, positive correlation between SCA and performance. None of the analysed moderators has enabled the identification of any significant differences between the SCA and performance correlations by subgroup. However, high heterogeneity in total variance, both in the full sample and the subgroups by moderator, demands further rigorously reported empirical research on this topic with clearly conceptualised variables and frameworks and the use of validated scales.Research limitations/implicationsSeveral research gaps and best practice recommendations have been indicated to improve future empirical research on this topic.Practical implicationsPractitioners in different economic regions and industries will find consistent evidence of improvements in performance through SCA.Originality/valueNo meta-analysis has been found in previous research to estimate the value of the correlation between SCA and performance and the influence of moderating variables.

This paper presents an empirical study that analyses the effect of applying three Advanced financial performance. However, it should be borne in mind that the small size of the sample used in this study only enables strong relationships to be detected; a larger sample would be required to detect moderate or weak relationships.

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