Publication informationCities, 32 : S21-S28, Supplement 1Publisher Elsevier Link to online versionhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264275113 00036X Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/4326 Publisher's statementThis is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Cities. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Transitioning to resilience and sustainability in urban communities AbstractThe challenges of rapid urban growth and societal change will require mechanisms for efficient transitioning to an embedded resilience. This has become central to the exploration of methods for achieving truly sustainable urban growth. However, while transitioning and resilience are useful descriptors, they can be abstract or conflicting ideals and their meanings obscured by a lack of concrete examples, both being barriers to many planning objectives. In this paper, we hold a lens over key issues in transitioning to resilience in urban areas by outlining emerging challenges that may offer directions towards operationalising how cities might transition to a more resilient future, while ensuring that communities are at the center of the process.The emerging and challenging areas -geospatial ICT, green infrastructure planning, novel design using collaborative responses, climate planning, limiting urban sprawl and short-circuit economic approaches -are explored as viable facets for devising and sustaining urban transition strategies. We conclude with a discussion on the need for developing a synergistic approach in practice to facilitate transition.

Renaturing cities using a regionally-focused biodiversity-led multifunctional benefits approach to urban green infrastructure AbstractIf a 'Renaturing of Cities' strategy is to maximise the ecosystem service provision of urban green infrastructure (UGI), then detailed consideration of a habitat services, biodiversity-led approach and multifunctionality are necessary rather than relying on the assumed benefits of UGI per se. The paper presents preliminary data from three case studies, two in England and one in Germany, that explore how multifunctionality can be achieved, the stakeholders required, the usefulness of an experimental approach for demonstrating transformation, and how this can be fed back into policy. We argue that incorporating locally contextualised biodiversity-led UGI design into the planning and policy spheres contributes to the functioning and resilience of the city and provides the adaptability to respond to locally contextualised challenges, such as overheating, flooding, air pollution, health and wellbeing as well as biodiversity loss. Framing our research to encompass both the science of biodiversity-led UGI and co-developing methods for incorporating a strategic approach to implementation of biodiversity-led UGI by planners and developers addresses a gap in current knowledge and begins to address barriers to UGI implementation. By combining scientific with policy learning and defined urban environmental targets with community needs, our research to date has begun to demonstrate how nature-based solutions to building resilience and adaptive governance can be strategically incorporated within cities through UGI. Highlights• Three case studies of novel urban green infrastructure implementation are presented• Effective multifunctional approaches to green infrastructure design demonstrated• That biodiversity should be an intrinsic consideration in design is illustrated• Local context and multi-stakeholder approach to design and management are integral

Clay is used as a raw material for the production of lightweight aggregates because it is readily processed into suitable granules and forms low-density but high strength aggregate particles when sintered at relatively low temperatures. The use of waste clay generated by major infrastructure development projects to make lightweight aggregate has a positive environmental impact and contributes towards a more circular economy. This paper reviews the manufacturing process used to produce lightweight aggregates from clay and the influence of processing conditions on properties. It also reviews secondary materials that have been incorporated into clays to produce lightweight aggregates. Additional research is required to improve understanding of the effects of composition and production parameters on the pore structure, density, water adsorption and strength of clay derived lightweight aggregates.

The paper presents the results of a laboratory investigation on the hygric properties of five hemp insulation materials commercially available in the UK. The hemp fibre content varies between 30-95% in the total fibre content of the insulation materials examined. The adsorption-desorption isotherm, moisture buffer value, vapour diffusion resistance factor and water absorption coefficient were determined for the insulation materials investigated. The results showed that the hygric properties of the hemp insulation materials could vary widely depending on the constituents and fibrous structure. The considerable differences noted in the hygric properties of the insulation materials examined could potentially influence their hygrothermal performance as part of a building thermal envelope.