Gamma-irradiated buffy coat-derived liquid-stored and cryopreserved PLTs have distinctly differing phenotypes. Cryopreserved PLTs reconstituted in ABO plasma have enhanced clot strength driven by coagulation factors and fibrinogen levels not present in PAS-E. Irradiated cryopreserved PLTs maintain a similar in vitro quality profile and hemostatic behavior to previously published, nonirradiated cryopreserved PLTs.

Platelet lysate produced from platelet apheresis components has been proposed as an alternative to serum eye drops in the treatment of ocular surface disease. This study compared the effects of platelet lysate and serum on growth factor, cytokine and nanoparticle concentrations, and corneal epithelial cell proliferation. Methods: The concentration of growth factors, cytokines, and nanoparticles in platelet lysates manufactured from either fresh or expired platelet apheresis concentrations collected with Trima or Haemonetics technology was characterized and compared with those of allogeneic, autologous, and fetal calf serum. The ability to promote corneal epithelial cell proliferation and wound healing was tested in vitro. Results: Platelet lysate enriched the amount of transforming growth factor β1, plateletderived growth factor-AB and-BB, fibroblast growth factor, and epidermal growth factor compared with the two sera groups. The concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1, hepatocyte growth factor, and fibronectin were significantly lower than in sera. There were no differences in nanoparticle concentrations. There was no significant difference in corneal epithelial cell proliferation. Platelet lysates were comparable to fetal calf serum in accelerating corneal epithelial wound healing in vitro. Conclusions: Fresh and expired platelet lysates from the Trima and Haemonetics systems had higher growth factor concentrations than sera. The ability of platelet lysates to promote corneal epithelial cell proliferation and wound healing was equivalent to sera. Translational Relevance: Platelet lysates may serve as an efficient and reliable source of human growth factors for the treatment of ocular surface diseases.

As part of a programme directed towards the synthesis of the bicyclic spiroimine ring systems present in the marine toxins, the spirolides and gymnodimine, a study of the Diels-Alder addition of dienes 8, 12, cyclopentadiene and 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene to α-methylene lactam 7 was undertaken. A systematic study of the use of a variety of Lewis acids to catalyze the Diels-Alder reaction was undertaken. Extension of this work to an asymmetric variant of these Diels-Alder reactions was investigated using the chiral Lewis acids [(S,S)-

The synthesis of spironitrone 5 via microwave-assisted intramolecular alkylation of bromo oxime 10 is reported. The bromo oxime is prepared by alkylation of methyl cyclohexanecarboxylate with 1,4-dibromobutane followed by conversion of the methyl ester to an oxime. Spironitrone 5 undergoes facile 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to a range of olefins to form a range of spirocyclic isoxazolidines. Nucleophilic addition of several Grignard reagents to spironitrone 5 provided access to a series of alkyl-substituted spirohydroxylamines.

In the crystal structure of the racemic title isoxazolidine, C19H27NO, the relative stereochemistry between the phenyl group and the bridgehead H atom is shown to be syn. There are two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit, one of which is the 7R*,13R* enanti­omer, and one of which is the 7S*,13S* enanti­omer. These enanti­omers adopt different orientations of the phenyl ring with respect to the isoxazolidine ring, with C—C—C—C torsion angles of 63.6 (4) and 86.8 (4)°, respectively. In both enanti­omers, the six-membered ring adopts a chair conformation, while the seven-membered ring adopts a twist-chair conformation.