When Victorian and Edwardian coaches used the term ‘science’ they were generally referring to technique or to systematic training regimes, and traditional coaching practices, derived from experience, observations and intuition, maintained credibility long after physiologists began investigating sport. Scientists testing athletes at the 1928 Olympics concluded that all aspects of training should become subject to scientific scrutiny and British academics became increasingly involved as the values of amateurism gave way to a greater pragmatism with respect to international competition, resulting in physiologists assuming responsibility for traditional aspects of coaching practice. This article utilises two areas in which physiology has embedded itself into the coaching milieu, talent identification and the prevention of overtraining, to demonstrate that these issues had long been familiar territory to Victorian and Edwardian coaches and to suggest that the contribution of similar experienced and innovative coaches, utilising both explicit scientific and implicit craft knowledge, needs to be sustained in an age of scientific rationalism.

A compilation of data on cetacean remains and strandings found on the shores of the Galápagos Islands, eastern equatorial Pacific, for the period 1923-2003 is presented. Information is available for 87 records belonging to 13 species. Four species account for 71% of the records: Tursiops truncatus, Globicephala macrorhynchus, Delphinus delphis, and Ziphius cavirostris. Visitor sites and the vicinity of population centers yielded most of the records; no other geographic pattern was evident in the strandings. The stranding record reflects the odontocete communities of nearshore and upwelling environments in the Galápagos. Morphometric and meristic measurements are presented for 17 skulls belonging to T. truncatus, Stenella attenuata, D. delphis, and S. coeruleoalba. The measurements for T. truncatus are consistent with the offshore ecotype, although in the Galápagos the species predominantly occupies the nearshore environment. The stomach contents of a young Z. cavirostris included seven species of cephalopod and two crustaceans. Mass strandings of Z. cavirostris (n=2) and G. macrorhynchus (n=2) have been witnessed and documented, while remains of multiple individuals found together on the beach suggest additional mass strandings of Pseudorca crassidens, S. attenuata, T. truncatus, and G. macrorhynchus. Some of the records could be attributed to confirmed or presumed interaction with human activities including industrial-scale fishing, pollution, and loud sound sources. Resúmen-Se presenta una recopilación de datos sobre restos y varamientos de cetáceos encontrados en las costas de las islas Galápagos, Pacifico oriental ecuatorial, para el período 1923-2003. Hay información disponible para 87 registros pertenecientes a 13 especies. Cuatro especies comprenden el 71% de los registros: Tursiops truncatus, Globicephala macrorhynchus, Delphinus delphis, y Ziphius cavirostris. La mayoría de los registros provienen de sitios de turismo o son aledaños a centros de población. No hubo otros patrones geográficos evidentes en los varamientos. El registro de varamientos representa las comunidades de odontocetos típicas de ambientes costeros y de surgencia en Galápagos. Se presentan mediciones morfométricas y merísticas para 17 cráneos pertenecientes a T. truncatus, Stenella attenuata, D. delphis, y S. coeruleoalba. Las mediciones para T. truncatus son consistentes con el ecotípo oceánico, aunque en Galápagos la especie ocupa predominantemente el ambiente costero. Los contenidos estomacales de un juvenil de Z. cavirostris incluyeron siete especies de cefalópodo y dos de crustáceo. Varamientos en masa de Z. cavirostris (n=2) y G. macrorhynchus (n=2) han sido presenciados y documentados, mientras que restos de múltiples individuos encontrados juntos en la playa sugieren varamientos en masa adicionales para Pseudorca crassidens, S. attenuata, T. truncatus, y G. macrorhynchus. Algunos de los regístros pudieron atribuirse a interacciones confirmadas o posibles con actividades humanas incluyendo pesca industrial, polución, y fuentes f...

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