Therapists and mental health professionals strive to provide competent treatment to increasingly diverse populations, but can struggle to effectively engage with clients from different cultural backgrounds. Cultural humility is an approach and process that can help facilitate strong working alliances between therapists and diverse clients, leading to better therapy outcomes. In this article, we first consolidate definitions of cultural humility and work to better operationalize the construct. Next, we provide a brief review of empirical studies examining the role of cultural humility in therapy. Then, we offer a 4-part framework for applying cultural humility in therapy by (a) engaging in critical self-examination and self-awareness, (b) building the therapeutic alliance, (c) repairing cultural ruptures, and (d) navigating value differences. Finally, we illustrate what cultural humility looks like in the therapy room with two case studies. Clinical Impact StatementThis article advances the idea that therapists who engage diverse clients with cultural humility may be better able to develop strong therapeutic bonds, work through cultural ruptures, and navigate value differences. In addition, it highlights empirical research on cultural humility and therapy and provides a practical guide and framework of cultural humility for therapists.

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The present study investigated whether verbal aggression, argument approach, argument avoidance or assertiveness had any effect on how participants in three countries responded to criticism. Consistent with the first hypothesis, men were significantly more aggressive, assertive, less avoidant, and approached argument more than women. However, men did not respond more assertively to criticism. As predicted in the second hypothesis, US Americans responded more assertively to criticism than did Japanese and Chinese. The third hypothesis predicted that verbal aggression, argument approach, argument avoidance and assertiveness would be associated with a more assertive response to criticism. The data obtained were only partially consistent with the third hypothesis. While only a small number of participants in this study indicated that they would respond to criticism with silence, US Americans used silence to mean anger while for Chinese silence showed personal embarrassment. Very few Japanese selected silence as an option for responding to a neighbor's criticism. The implications of these results are discussed.

In this article, we examined how ideological diversity affects one’s sense of belonging and meaning in a religious group, as well as how intellectual humility about one’s religious beliefs moderates these relationships. Participants (N = 113) were randomly assigned to imagine themselves attending a religious small group that was ideologically homogeneous or diverse, and then they rated the amount of belonging and meaning they anticipated receiving from the group, as well as their level of intellectual humility. Being in an ideologically diverse small group was negatively associated with belonging and meaning, but intellectual humility moderated these relationships, such that the relationships were weaker at higher levels of intellectual humility. Thus, intellectual humility preserved a sense of meaning and belonging when individuals interacted with ideologically dissimilar others.