L’article s’appuie sur l’évaluation d’un dispositif participatif, « Mon village espace de biodiversité ». Celui-ci amène les participants à prendre conscience de leurs connaissances et de leur pouvoir d’agir sur leur territoire, ce qui permet le développement d’une dynamique constructive d’actions pour les biens communs dans leurs formes les plus fondamentales (la protection de la nature et du lien social). Surtout, ces actions nécessitent et favorisent des liens resserrés et légitimants avec les institutions locales, dont les élus et les salariés sont invités à s’impliquer aux côtés des habitants.

No abstract

This paper describes the use of a Downhole Temperature Sensor Array, during a commingled Drill Stem Test, to accurately determine the density of the produced fluids. In a typical Drill Stem Test, using only downhole pressure gauges, any fluid contacts between the pressure gauges would be missed and the produced fluid density calculated would be erroneous. Accurate calculation of the produced fluid densities is of great importance to the reservoir engineer since it forms a critical component of the equations of state used in the modelling of the reservoir. The main purpose of this paper is to show that knowledge of the produced fluid densities from each of the perforated intervals provides a more robust calculation of the zonal flowrate contributions using conservation of mass principles. In this case study, the well was produced across three intervals with the deepest perforated interval producing a fluid with a higher density than the shallower perforated intervals. The higher density of the produced fluid from this deeper interval caused the wellbore fluids to slug during the flow periods with a measureable response in the pressure and temperature data. If this difference in the fluid properties is not taken into account then the zonal allocation flowrate will be in error since it relies on the density and specific heat capacity. Qualitative assessment of the temperature array data identified the producing zones and clearly highlighted the different fluid interfaces in detail that would remain hidden if relying solely on the pressure gauges. This method is enabled by the deployment of a Downhole Temperature Sensor Array consisting of an array of discrete electronic temperature sensors alongside the TCP guns, generating continuous thermal profiles across the three intervals. This is augmented by a wireless data system of pressure points. All the data is collected real time throughout the entire Drill Stem Test.

Les entreprises ont un rôle important à jouer dans la transition écologique, en plus de leur contribution à l’évolution de la société. En outre, elles peuvent également avoir à mener une transformation profonde de leur fonctionnement. Que cette transformation soit proactive – changement du business model , création et abandon d’activités –, ou réactive – adaptation, partielle ou totale, de leurs activités à l’évolution du contexte (réglementaire, de marché, sociétal, etc.) dans lequel elles évoluent, toutes les entreprises sont concernées. Parmi les plus grandes, beaucoup ont engagé une évolution de leur stratégie afin de la rendre compatible avec une économie s’engageant sur la voie de la neutralité carbone et de la préservation de la biodiversité. Les implications sont dès lors profondes et peuvent mener à des plans de transformation, voire de réorganisation des entreprises. Dans ce contexte, les entreprises doivent faire face à plusieurs interrogations structurantes et graduelles : quels sont les impacts de cette transition sur leurs métiers ? De quelles compétences, techniques et comportementales, leurs collaborateurs devront-ils disposer pour appréhender les changements à venir ? Ces compétences existent-elles aujourd’hui ? Comment traduire ces évolutions, notamment en termes de stratégie et d’organisation du travail, d’appropriation du sujet par les différentes directions ?

In this case study, high resolution temperature array data, acquired during a Drill Stem Test (DST), were able to identify and quantify flow behind the liner. Quantifying the flow rate behind the liner between the production zones was of significant value to the operator to reduce the uncertainty in the Pressure Transient Analysis (PTA). The high resolution temperature array was deployed clamped to the outside of the Tubing Conveyed Perforating (TCP) guns, which were used to selectively perforate multiple zones. Using wireless acoustic technology the temperature data were transmitted to surface to enable real time feedback during the DST. A novel thermal heat exchange model was built that could take advantage of the high resolution temperature array data acquired during the entire test. The results of the model were compared to the real data to validate the results and provide accurate flow rate measurements of the flow behind the liner in real time during the test. A sensitivity study on the various model input parameters was also carried out to reduce the uncertainty in the thermal model, the results of which are detailed within the paper. Being able to quantify the flow behind the liner allowed the operator to adjust their PTA results and provided a more robust reservoir model. Typical thermal models in the industry are unable to quantify flow behind the liner in this environment. A new thermal model had to be developed that could take into account the complex heat transfer processes and take advantage of the high resolution thermal array data acquired during the DST. Despite the challenging wellbore environment during the test, the high resolution temperature data were used to provide a robust zonal flow confirmation and rate allocation during the flow periods. Whilst Distributed Temperature Systems (DTS) are gaining popularity in the oil and gas industry, typically the current technology does not provide the high resolution required to be able to quantify flow behind the casing. This new model, when combined with high resolution thermal array data, has wide ranging applications not only during the DST but also in long term completions where monitoring well integrity is a real industry challenge.