The Detailed Policy Assessment Tool (DPAT) models the propagation of delay throughout a system of airports and sectors. We present a DPAT analysis to show the effects of simulated changes in capacity due to inclement weather. Local delays are dependent on the capacity to demand ratio of departures and arrivals. We show propagated effects are significant for the 1st leg after leaving an airport affected by reduced capacities and diminish from leg to leg.

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Purpose -Organisational performance requires robust performance management, with the leadership skills and behaviours to bring the process to life. This paper seeks to address the challenge of how HR can get an understanding of the associated shift required within organisations.Design/methodology/approach -The paper outlines the key elements of the transformation required to embed a performance management culture. The term performance management is used to describe the practice of managing performance, including the associated processes, systems, skills and leadership behaviours. To implement performance management successfully, HR needs to gain an understanding of how things are now (the current state); the vision of what is possible (the desired state); and the practical steps that can be taken (the shift).Findings -In an increasingly complex environment there are a greater number of factors that impact the success of key HR practices such as performance management. HR needs to collect powerful data to ensure that it can understand which of the factors have an influence on how transformations can be undertaken, and practices, such as performance management, embedded. Originality/value -HR can play a strategic role in transforming an organisation. The value for HR is in linking together the various insights these data can provide to understand causal links, and then translating all of this into a change strategy that is aligned to the organisation's vision and strategy. HR can use data to build a compelling case for change and the need for a performance management system, process and practice that are focused on delivering the organisational strategy.

Resuscitation techniques for the management of adult trauma patients have evolved over the 20th century. Whole blood transfusions were previously used as the standard of care, whereas blood component therapy is the current method employed across most trauma centers across the United States. Prior to the transition, no studies were conducted to show improved efficacy of hemostatic potential in trauma patients. Recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have challenged the dogma that whole blood transfusions are not the standard of care and have shown potential as the superior transfusion product for adult trauma patients. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive review and elucidate if whole blood transfusions have a role in civilian trauma patients based upon recent military medical literature and civilian pilot studies using whole blood transfusions.

Making predictions is hard, especially about the future" observed Yogi Berra. Making predictions about the behavior of a highly complex system-of-systems with poorly understood emergent behavior, such as the National Airspace System (NAS), is all the more so.