The current study demonstrated that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was dramatically high in hypertensive women, even in the rural areas of China. Further, our study indicated that remarkable ethnic differences exist in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Obese and moderate levels of physical activity were a modifiable risk factor.

First report on disinfection performance for SARS-CoV-2 in medical wastewater • Incomplete removal of SARS-CoV-2 RNA under WHO guideline • High level of DBPs when SARS-CoV-2 is completed removed.

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Spectroscopic techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, are used to study the interaction of light with biological materials. This interaction forms the basis of many analytical assays used in disease screening and diagnosis, microbiological studies, forensic and environmental investigations. Advantages of spectrochemical analysis are its low cost, minimal sample preparation, non-destructive nature and substantially accurate results. However, there is now an urgent need for repetition and validation of these methods in large-scale studies and across different research groups, which would bring the method closer to clinical and/or industrial implementation. In order for this to succeed, it is important to understand and reduce the effect of random spectral alterations caused by inter-individual, inter-instrument and/or inter-laboratory variations, such as variations in air humidity and CO2 levels, and the aging of instrumental parts.Thus, it is evident that spectral standardization is crucial for the widespread adoption of these spectrochemical technologies. By using calibration transfer procedures, where the spectral response of a secondary instrument is standardized to resemble the spectral response of a primary instrument, different sources of variations can be normalized into a single model using computational-based methods, such as direct standardization (DS) and piecewise direct standardization (PDS); therefore, measurements performed under different conditions can generate the same result, eliminating the need for a full recalibration. In this paper, we have constructed a protocol for model standardization using different transfer technologies described for FTIR spectrochemical applications. This is a critical step towards the construction of a practical spectrochemical analysis model for daily routine analysis, where uncertain and random variations are present. 4 worldwide are developing spectrochemical approaches for diagnosis, discrimination and monitoring of diseases, as well as for other uses. Combination of multiple datasets would facilitate the conduction of large-scale studies which are still lacking in the field of bio-spectroscopy. Sensor-based technologiesSensor-based technologies are an integral part of daily life ranging from locating sensorbased technology, such as global positioning system (GPS) 6 , to image biosensors, such as X-rays 7-10 and γ-rays [11][12][13] , which are used extensively for medical applications. Other powerful approaches that make use of sensor-based technologies toward medical disease examination and diagnostics include circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy 14-17 , ultraviolet (UV) or visible spectroscopy 18,19 , fluorescence 20-24 , nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy 25-29 and ultrasound (US) 7,30- .Over the last two decades, optical biosensors employing vibrational spectroscopy, particularly IR spectroscopy, have seen tremendous progress in biomedical and biological research. A number of studies using the above-mentioned methods ha...

Phosphorus (P) is a vital element in biological molecules, and one of the main limiting elements for biomass production as plant-available P represents only a small fraction of total soil P. Increasing global food demand and modern agricultural consumption of P fertilizers could lead to excessive inputs of inorganic P in intensively managed croplands, consequently rising P losses and ongoing eutrophication of surface waters. Despite phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) are widely accepted as eco-friendly P fertilizers for increasing agricultural productivity, a comprehensive and deeper understanding of the role of PSMs in P geochemical processes for managing P deficiency has received inadequate attention. In this review, we summarize the basic P forms and their geochemical and biological cycles in soil systems, how PSMs mediate soil P biogeochemical cycles, and the metabolic and enzymatic mechanisms behind these processes. We also highlight the important roles of PSMs in the biogeochemical P cycle and provide perspectives on several environmental issues to prioritize in future PSM applications.