In this study, the volatile from sewage sludge (SS) pyrolysis is passed through the hot char from the same source in a fixed bed reactor. The reforming effect of the sewage sludge char (SSC) on the quality and energy distribution of liquid and gas products is studied. In comparison to dolomite, SSC presents a better tar-eliminating effect from 450 to 650 °C. The production of combustible products, including CH4, H2, and CO, is significantly increased by both the catalytic cracking on the SSC surface and the volatile–char reaction. After the reforming effect at the pyrolysis temperature of 650 °C, the gas yield is increased from 17.19 to 34.27 wt % and the fraction of combustible components is increased by 54.28 vol %. The quality of the oil is also upgraded by reforming of SSC, with the escalation of the light components, and nitrogen-containing and oxygenated fractions are greatly reduced. When the pyrolysis temperature is fixed at 650 °C and the reforming temperature is increased from 450 to 650 °C, the liquid yield is decreased from 18.76 to 10.67 wt %. In addition, the combustible fraction in the gaseous product is greatly increased. The calculation of the energy distribution indicates that, via the reforming process, a lot more heating value will concentrate on the gas product and the overall high heat value of the pyrolysis volatile and SSC will be significantly promoted.

Selecting typical waste plastics, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and their mixture PE/PP/PVC as experimental samples, pyrolysis experiments were conducted on tubular furnace reactor at heating rates of 3.7 ℃•min -1 , 9.0 ℃•min -1 , 20.6 ℃•min -1 and 33.3 ℃•min -1 respectively to investigate effect of heating rate on yields of pyrolysis product (cracking oil, cracking gas and residue) and oil properties. The results showed that cracking oil yield was increased, but both the yields of cracking gas and residue were decreased, together with increasing heating rate. The decrease of residue yield was negligible. With the rise of heating rate, calorific value of cracking oil produced from PE and mixture of plastic was decreased and calorific value of oil produced from PP was increased, while that of PVC was decreased at first and increased later. Variations in components distribution of cracking oil generated from different kinds of plastics were different from each other. The results are probably supposed to provide reference for the optimization of pyrolysis process parameters of waste plastics.

Evaluation indexes system has been put forward in this paper for quantifying thesystematical energy consumption, resources consumption, total emissions’ change and waste disposal capacity in road construction with recycled waste materials involved. With help of this evaluation indexes system, the contributions to environmental improvement caused by recycling waste materials in road construction can be quantified through calculating savings on environmental impact potentials, savings on energy consumption, on virgin materials’ consumption and waste disposal capacity provided by road construction. Based on the construction project of a road section numbered No.20 EWK0+400 ~ EWK0+600 of North highway to Shanghai Pudong international airport, which was the first trial project of using several kinds of recycled waste materials including bottom ash from incinerators to replace commonly used materials such as gravel in large scale in road pavement, the results of the four indexes, namely, savings on energy consumption and virgin materials’ consumption, environmental impact potentials as well as waste disposal capacity were obtained. It was found out that with multi recycled waste materials replacing part of the common construction material, systematical energy consumption can be reduced by 30%, a large amount of virgin resource consumption can be avoid and road construction also provides a remarkable large “dumping site” for solid wastes; while at the same time environmental impact potentials were saved for most impact categories except for increase in Ecotoxicity, water chronic, which was caused by heavy metals’ leaching and can be prevented by pre-treatment. Those results are useful for guiding the utilization of recycled waste materials, as well as for developing new technology process and advanced materials in road construction.

Nearly all the chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons are highly hazardous pollutants which do harm to organisms and have to be disposed before entering into environment. The dechlorination mechanisms of mono-chlorobenzene under hydrothermal condition (200°C, 1.5MPa) was investigated in this paper by quantum chemical methods, corresponding experiments was performed to verify the feasibility of the mechanisms. The results of modeling showed hydrated ferric ions reacted with mono-chlorobenzene in redox mechanisms and the activation energy needed in the reduction reaction with [Fe (H2O)6]2+ is lower than in the oxidation with [Fe (H2O)6]3+ .The experimental results were consistent with the quantum chemistry calculation of the redox mechanisms.