Abstract. An experiment was conducted to produce superior pigs with improved growth phenotypes and survival during postnatal growth by injecting the sows with gonadotropin prior to mating. The experiment consisted of 2 stages. In the first stage, 12 sows were divided into 2 groups i.e., sows injected with NaCl0.95% as a control (NSO) and sows injected with PG600 (SO) prior to mating. Parameters measured were growth phenotypes and survival at birth and during pre-weaning period. In the second stage, 24 of weaned pigs (age 8 weeks) from the first stage were selected (6 males and 6 females from NSO group and 6 males and 6 females from SO group) to be used for measurement of growth performance. The experimental pigs were raised and observed until the age of 28 weeks (7 month). The body weights were measured monthly. The results of the experiment showed that improvement of uterine environment by gonadotropin injection of the sows prior to mating dramatically improved birth weight with a very homogenous birth weight within litter size. Improved birth weight and within-litter variation of birth weight improved pre-weaning growth performance and survival that finally dramatically increased weaning weight and total weight of weaned pigs per sow. After weaning, pigs born to SO sows grew faster and had around 10 kg higher body weight as compared to control at the age of 7 month. It was concluded that superior pigs could be produced by improving endogenous secretion of pregnant hormone during pregnancy.Key words: Birth weight, growth phenotypes, survival, prenatal growth, postnatal growth Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menghasilkan anak-anak babi unggul dengan fenotipe pertumbuhan dan daya hidup yang lebih baik selama pertumbuhan pascalahir dengan cara menyuntik induk babi dengan gonadotropin sebelum pengawinan. Penelitian terdiri atas dua tahapan. Penelitian tahap pertama, 12 ekor induk babi dikelompokkan ke dalam 2 kelompok, 1) kelompok kontrol, yaitu induk yang disuntik dengan NaCl 0.95% (NSO) dan 2) kelompok yang disuntik dengan PG600 sebelum pengawinan (SO). Parameter yang diukur ialah fenotipe pertumbuhan dan daya hidup anak pada saat lahir dan selama periode prasapih. Tahap kedua, 24 anak babi lepas sapih dari percobaan tahap pertama (umur 8 minggu) dipilih (6 jantan dan 6 betinadari kelompok NSOdan 6 jantan dan 6 betina dari kelompok SO) untuk digunakan dalam pengukuran kinerja pertumbuhan pascasapih. Babi percobaan dibesarkan dan diamati sampai umur 28 minggu (7 bulan). Bobot badan diukur setiap bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbaikan lingkungan uterus dengan cara penyuntikan induk dengan gonadotropin sebelum pengawinan secara dramatis memperbaiki bobot lahir anak dengan bobot lahir per induk yang lebih seragam. Perbaikan bobot lahir dan keseragaman bobot lahir memperbaiki kinerja pertumbuhan prasapih dan kelangsungan hidup anak yang pada akhirnya secara dramatis meningkatkan bobot sapih dan total bobot anak yang disapih per ekor induk. Setelah penyapihan, anak babi yang dilahirkan oleh induk y...

Mujair fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) is a freshwater fish that is commonly consumed. This is due that they are easily found and obtrained and with a price in fresh markets that are relatively cheap. Unfortunately, this fish happens to be a very perishable commodity, due to it’s sensitiveness to spoilage because of its high protein content and moisture content. Pangi seeds (Pangium edule) is known to contain tanines, natural polyphenols that inhibits microorganisms through their cell wall permeability. The purpose of this research was to test the potential of pangi seeds crude extract as natural pangi seed toxiti preservatives on mujair fish, shelf life potential on mujair fish. This was achieved by marinating the fish in crude pangi seed extracts at concentrations of 0% (control), 5% and 10% and then store for 4 days at room temperature. Parameters tested on this research includes cyanide identification BSLT toxicity testing and fish spoilage (degradation) through protein changes and pH. Results of this research indicated that pangi seeds crude extract does not contain any cyanide of whatsoever, pangi seed crude extract toxicity testing indicated thatit was not toxic to a concentration of 128233mg/L, meanwhile protein analysis indicated that the optimum concentration of pangi seed crude extract to inhibit fish spoilage is 10% while in terms of pH degradation, the optimum concentration was 5%.

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan mempelajari kualitas anak yang dilahirkan oleh induk yang sekresi endogen hormon kebuntingannya diperbaiki selama periode kebuntingan melalui penyuntikan gonadotropin pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) dan human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) sebelum pengawinan. Hewan percobaan yang digunakan adalah 10 ekor induk babi lokal Sulawesi Utara dengan bobot badan 30-40 kg. Sebelum pengawinan, siklus berahi induk babi percobaan diserentakkan dengan menyuntik prostaglandin 2 alfa sebanyak dua kali, masing-masing dengan dosis 0,5 mL per ekor dengan interval waktu 14 hari. Induk babi percobaan kemudian dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri atas lima ekor. Kelompok pertama disuntik dengan dosis PMSG 200 IU dan hCG 100 IU pada saat penyuntikan prostaglandin kedua (hari ke-15), sementara kelompok kedua tidak disuntik PMSG dan hCG, tapi disuntik NaCl fisiologis sebagai kontrol. Setelah menunjukkan gejala estrus, induk babi percobaan dicampur dengan pejantan untuk perkawinan secara alami. Induk babi percobaan yang sudah bunting dipelihara sampai melahirkan dan penyapihan. Parameter yang diukur ialah bobot badan anak dan ukuran tubuh pada saat lahir dan penyapihan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan penyuntikan induk dengan PMSG dan hCG sebelum dikawinkan menghasilkan peningkatan bobot lahir anak sebesar 76,92% dan total bobot lahir anak hidup sebesar 265,6%. Anak yang dihasilkan oleh induk yang disuntik PMSG dan hCG mempunyai daya tahan hidup yang lebih baik dengan mortalitas yang jauh lebih rendah dengan pertumbuhan prasapih yang lebih baik sehingga secara drastis meningkatkan total bobot sapih anak per ekor induk sebesar 107,44% (meningkat dua kali lipat) dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Disimpulkan bahwa fenotipe pertumbuhan anak babi lokal dapat diperbaiki dengan penyuntikan induk dengan gonadotropin sebelum pengawinan. ABSTRACTAn experiment was designed to study the growth phenotypes of piglets born to sows injected with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) prior to mating in order to improve endogenous secretions of pregnant hormones during pregnancy. The experimental sows used in this study were 10 local breed sows with body weight ranges of 30-40 kg. Before mating, estrous cycles of the experimental sows were synchronized by injecting 3.75 mg prostaglandin twice with 14 days interval. The experimental sows were then divided into two groups, each consisted of 5 sows. The first group was injected with 200 IU PMSG and 100 IU hCG per sow at the same time with the second prostaglandin injection (day 15 th ), while the second group was not injected with PMSG and hCG but it was injected with NaCl 0.95% as a control. After showing estrous behavior, the experimental sows were mixed with selected boars for natural mating. The pregnant sows were maintained until farrowing and weaning.

Introduction: The invasion of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), a freshwater weed, has been an unsolved problem in many lakes around the world, including in Tondano lake, Indonesia. Since the 2000s, many efforts to eliminate it have turned unsuccessful and uneconomical. Here, we aim to provide a solution and perform a systematic study to utilize water hyacinth as an organic fertilizer for application to local crops, the Manado strain yellow maize. Methods: Water hyacinth was manually harvested and fermented using an effective microbial fermentation for one month. The resulting compost was analyzed chemically and applied to bedding groups of maize at increasing doses: 0, 100, 150, 200, and 250 grams per plant. All beddings were made in triplicate, consisting of 8-10 plants per repeat. At 2 and 12 weeks post plantation, a series of measurements of plant height, leaf length, and leaf width was performed. Data were analyzed using one- or two-way ANOVA. Results: The application of water hyacinth organic fertilizer had readily shown beneficial effects on vegetative growth at 2 weeks of age in terms of plant height, leaves length and leaves width at the dose of 200 and 250 grams of fertilizer per plant. This effect persisted up to 12 weeks of age in terms of plant height, but not in leaves length or width. Conclusion: The application of water hyacinth organic fertilizer is able to increase the vegetative growth of the local Manado strain of yellow maize at the dose of 200 grams per plant.

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