This research was aimed to find out the effect of Time Token Arends to students speaking skills aspects. This research applied qualitative and quantitative research by using the cooperative learning method. In taking the sample, the researcher used the purposive sampling technique. The number of the sample is 36 students at XI MIPA 1 SMAN 1 Bandar Lampung. The instrument of this research was an observation sheets, documentation and speaking test. There were 2 lesson plans and worksheets for the speaking test. The finding showed that there was a significant difference of students after being taught by using Time Token Arends strategy. Mean score of Pre-test was 58.7 and mean score of first Post-test was 69.1 and second Post-test was 76.1. Accent aspect increased 4.00, vocabulary aspect increased 3.33, comprehension aspect increased 3.34, fluency aspect increased 2.80, and grammar aspect increased 1.73.; it assumed that this technique has positive effect toward students speaking ability.

This research aims to analyze the effect of group learning strategies in teaching and learning English at the stage of junior high schools in Bandar Lampung. Moreover, this study used a descriptive qualitative research. Observation, open-ended questionnaires, and interviews were used in this study. The result of this study showed that the group work strategy had significant effect towards English learning outcomes. In addition, some teachers and students approved that the group work strategy is an active learning strategy. It was proven by teachers’ answers on open-ended questionnaires. In sum, it can be inferred that group work strategy can be used to make an active learning and improve students’ outcomes in learning English. Although in pandemic situation, group work strategy can be applied by using some application which can support teaching and learning English.

The objectives of this research were to find out i) whether there was statistically significant improvement of the students’ speaking ability after the students were taught through the Talking Chips technique and ii) the students’ perceptions of the implementation of the technique. One group pretest posttest was used as the design of the study. The subjects of the research were 34 students of XI MIA I of SMAN 1 Seputih Agung in academic year 2019/2020. The instruments were the speaking test and interview protocol. The data were in the form of speaking scores taken from the pretest, the posttest and interview. The results showed that there was statistically significant improvement of students’ speaking ability in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, fluency, and comprehension with the significant level <0.05. Furthermore, the result of the interview showed that the majority of the students (96%) had positive perceptions of the technique. That is, the technique was perceived as the technique that gave a positive learning atmosphere that actively involved the students in the teaching and learning activities. This suggests that the Talking Chips technique facilitates the students to improve their speaking ability.

Theoretically, cooperatives have characteristics that have the potential to become advantages as business entities that can play an important role in community economic empowerment. Cooperatives have ideal values ​​and principles as a business entity. Cooperatives also have potential advantages that can make them efficient, a strong bargaining position, a more certain market, so that cooperatives have a better competitive advantage compared to their own businesses. However, the fact is that there are cooperatives that are successful and many that are not. One of the employee cooperatives which is quite large and is known as a successful employee cooperative is the employee cooperative of PT. Biofarma (K2BF). The strategic business units made by K2BF are proven to provide direct and indirect economic benefits to its members. In addition, K2BF can also play a good role as a strategic partner of PT. Biofarma that provides mutual benefits. The success of K2BF in improving the welfare of its members and the role of K2BF as a strategic partner of the company is interesting to study as a best practice.