Air merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi keberlangsungan makhluk hidup di dunia ini. Ketersediaan air merupakan sesuatu yang sangat vital bagi kehidupan umumnya dan manusia khususnya. Berdasarkan dinamika siklus hidrologi salah satu sumber air utama adalah hujan.Ketersediaan air secara alami dalam skala global adalah tetap, hanya terjadi, variasi baik terhadap ruang maupun waktu pada skala regional.Berdasarkan studi data sekunder, iklim dan cuaca di daerah Kabupaten Garut dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor utama, yaitu : pola sirkulasi angin musiman (monsoonal circulation pattern), topografi regional yang bergunung-gunung di bagian tengah Jawa Barat; dan elevasi topografi.Analisis karakteristik curah hujan yang ada di wilayah Cikajang dan Bungbulang untuk perencanaan bidang sumber daya air seperti bendung, irigasi, pola tanam tanaman padi, dan juga untuk perencanaan drainase.Data curah hujan yang ada adalah curah hujan harian sehingga dalam perhitungan intensitas curah hujan yang dipakai untuk perencanaan drainase adalah dihitung dengan cara Mononobe, dengan berbagai kala ulang. Sedangkan kala ulang yang diperhitungkan untuk perencanaan drainase biasanya kala ulang 5 tahunan.
Abstract Motorcycles are the biggest contributor to driving accidents in Indonesia. Some of the accidents that occurred were caused by the negligence of passengers who did not pay attention to the clothes worn when riding a motorcycle. Smart Alert is an innovation designed as an effort to prevent the passenger's skirt or hijab from being wrapped around a motorcycle chain or spokes. This tool utilizes several simple electronic components such as batteries, sensor, microcontroller, buzzer and LED as a circuit. This distance detecting device is fully controlled by a microcontroller with an ultrasonic sensor to detect the distance on one side and its supporting components. With the Smart Alert, the potential for accidents can be avoided and minimized thereby reducing the number of driving accidents in Indonesia. Keywords Buzzer, Crash, LED, Microcontroller, Smart Alert Abstrak Sepeda motor merupakan penyumbang kecelakaan berkendara terbesar di Indonesia. Beberapa kecelakaan yang terjadi tersebut diakibatkan oleh kelalaian dari penumpang yang tidak memerhatikan pakaian yang dikenakan ketika akan menaiki sepeda motor. Smart Alert merupakan inovasi yang dirancang sebagai upaya pencegahan terlilitnya rok atau hijab penumpang pada rantai atau jari-jari sepeda motor. Alat ini memanfaatkan beberapa komponen elektronik sederhana seperti baterai, sensor, microcontroller, buzzer serta LED sebagai rangakaiannya. Alat yang mendeteksi jarak ini dikendalikan sepenuhnya oleh sebuah microcontroller dengan sebuah sensor ultrasonik untuk mendeteksi jarak pada suatu sisi beserta komponen-komponen penunjangnya. Dengan adanya Smart Alert maka potensi kecelakaan dapat dihindari dan diminimalisir sehingga menurunkan angka kecelakaan berkendara di Indonesia. Kata Kunci Buzzer, Kecelakaan, LED, Microcontroller, Smart Alert
Valve Grinding Automatic System Based Microcontroller is an innovation designed and created to be able to work by converting electrical energy into rotational motion and is also able to overcome mechanical difficulties in regulating manual cleaning movements by hand. The Valve Grinding Automatic System Based Microcontroller provides three choices of rotational speeds of 1500 rpm, 2000 rpm and 2500 rpm with each speed requiring a cleaning time of 3 minutes, 2 minutes, and 1 minute. Testing this tool is done by checking the results of each cleaning from the results of different speeds. From the test results using diesel, it is known that the valve cleaning results do not leak and have met the standards. The stages used in the development of the Valve Grinding Automatic System Based Microcontroller are planning, observation and literature study, tool design, survey of materials and tools, procurement of tools and materials, tool manufacture/assembly, tool testing, tool revision, tool socialization, acceptance survey and finished. Tool making is done in the workshop of the Department of Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Padang State University. The team has also published a prototype of a scientific article regarding the Microcontroller-Based Automatic Valve Grinding System in the Journal of Automotive and Vocational Engineering Education (AEEJ) Padang State University.
Leakage of the valve in the cylinder head of the combustion engine was caused by a pile of crust attached to the valve seat, so that it interferes with the compression process and reduces engine performance. Valve Grinding Automatic System Based Microcontroller is an innovation designed for valve cleaning, works by converting electrical energy into rotational motion. Using research and development methods, this tool was developed to overcome the mechanical difficulties of adjusting manual cleaning movements by hand. The variables in this study were the dynamo rotational speed and the time required for cleaning. Based on the research, Valve Grinding Automatic System Based Microcontroller provides three choices of rotational speed of 1500 rpm, 2000 rpm and 2500 rpm with each speed requiring a cleaning time of 3 minutes, 2 minutes, and 1 minute. From the results of testing using diesel fuel, it is known that the results of cleaning the valve do not leak and have met the standard. Kebocoran katup pada cylinder head motor bakar disebabkan oleh tumpukan kerak yang melekat pada seating katup sehingga mengganggu proses kompresi dan menurunkan kinerja mesin. Alat Penyekir Katup Otomatis Berbasis Microcontroller merupakan inovasi yang dirancang untuk penyekiran katup yang bekerja dengan cara mengubah energi listrik menjadi gerak rotasi. Dengan metode research and development, alat ini dikembangkan untuk mengatasi kesulitan mekanik dalam mengatur gerakan penyekiran manual dengan tangan. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah kecepatan putaran dinamo dan waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk penyekiran. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, Alat Penyekir Katup Otomatis Berbasis Microcontroller menyediakan tiga pilihan kecepatan putaran yakni 1500 rpm, 2000 rpm dan 2500 rpm dengan masing-masing kecepatan memerlukan waktu penyekiran 3 menit, 2 menit, dan 1 menit. Dari hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan solar, diketahui bahwa hasil penyekiran katup tidak mengalami kebocoran dan telah memenuhi standar.
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