Purpose of the study: The objective of the present review study is to identify the determinant elements of the effectiveness of empirically based interventions (EBI) in the field of intergenerational work, contrasting face-to-face and combined (face-to-face and virtual) intervention modalities against variables relating to this field according to EBI indicators.Design and Methods: An extensive literature search returned a total of 553 studies. Of these, just 50 studies met the inclusion criteria of being an empirical investigation of the effectiveness of intergenerational programs that contain appropriate elaboration on theoretical constructs and methods.Results: The descriptive and multivariate analysis conducted demonstrates that programs with a greater number of EBI controls have the greatest effectiveness, regardless of the intervention mode employed, and that this effectiveness is also modulated by other variables such as the participants' disabilities, their literacy level, or their membership of an organization.Conclusions: We examined the implications of these findings, noting the need to increase the number of virtual interventions that could improve the efficiency of the activities undertaken, and at the same time ensuring that EBI indicators are also fulfilled.

Over the last decades, social isolation and loneliness among older adults have given rise to an increased interest in the study of intergenerational relationships. Intergenerational programs provide a great opportunity for older adults to connect with people of other generations. Many studies have reported the beneficial effects of these programs, improving the mental and physical health of the elderly and contributing to better academic formation and social skills in children. The aim of this study was to examine the benefits, satisfaction, and limitations of the intergenerational interactions derived from the performance of face-to-face activities, such as daily and healthcare activities, educational, cultural and leisure activities, and physical or sport activities. Participants were subjects living in Spain of any age (grouped into three age groups: <22, 22–40, and >40 years old) and from different social groups who completed an electronic 88-item questionnaire. The analysis of sociodemographic variables of the survey respondents revealed that people aged 40 or more, with personal autonomy, single or married, and living with a partner and/or other relative, and not retired, performed face-to-face activities with people of other generations with a significantly higher frequency than the rest of the groups for each variable. Most participants who participated in intergenerational face-to-face activities reported benefits to their physical and mental health, mood, relationships, self-determination, social participation, and academic education. Most participants were quite or very satisfied with the person with whom they performed this type of activities, especially if this person was a friend or a close relative. Except for grandparents, people who participated in intergenerational face-to-face activities and who had no limitations or disabilities were more frequently reported by the participants. In conclusion, intergenerational interactions derived from the performance of face-to-face activities can contribute to improve both the physical and mental health, social skills, and relationships of all people involved.

The growing social gap between people of different generations has led to a greater interest in the study of intergenerational interactions. Digital technologies have become necessary for people of all ages to perform daily activities, increasingly including older people. The use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and virtual tools can provide older people with excellent opportunities to connect with other generations, improving their quality of life and well-being. The aim of this study was to examine the benefits, satisfaction, and limitations of intergenerational interactions generated by the use of virtual tools. The participants are subjects of any age and different social groups residing in Spain and have completed an online survey. The analysis of sociodemographic data of the respondents showed that there is a significant correlation between the use of social networks and all the variables analyzed, except for their level of autonomy. Most participants who participated in intergenerational virtual activities reported the benefits of their social participation, relationships, mood, mental health, and academic education. Moreover, most participants were quite or very satisfied with the person with whom they used the virtual tools, especially if the person was a friend, their partner, sibling, another relative, or colleague. Except for grandparents, people who participated in intergenerational virtual activities and who had no limitations or disabilities were more frequently reported by the participants. In conclusion, intergenerational interactions through the use of virtual tools can contribute to improving the social inclusion and relationships of all people involved.

Con el objetivo de conocer los diferentes tipos de actividades conjuntas realizadas por miembros de distintas generaciones se administró un cuestionario online a un total de 2013 personas. De estos, 608eran hombres y 1405 mujeres. El cuestionario fue diseñado tras una revisión de los instrumentos empleados en el campo de trabajo intergeneracional en diversos estudios nacionales e internacionales. De manera online se estableció contacto con los posibles participantes para informarles sobre el propósito del estudio y solicitar su participación. Los encuestados dieron su consentimiento informado a participar en el trabajo. Una vez extraídos y codificados los datos se realizaron los análisis descriptivos (tablas de frecuencias y porcentajes, medias y desviaciones típicas) cuyos resultados presentamos a continuación. Durante el desarrollo de este trabajo se recibieron fondos a través de una ayuda destinada a financiar la contratación predoctoral de personal investigador por la Junta de Castilla y León (EDU/1083/2013), cofinanciada por el Fondo Social Europeo, dentro del Programa Operativo del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) 2014-2020 de Castilla y León.

Se presenta un estudio, inmerso dentro de un proyecto de innovación que se está desarrollando en la Universidad de León, orientado a adaptar distintas titulaciones psicoeducativas a las directrices del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior partiendo para ello, en una primera fase del mismo, del análisis caracterológico del alumnado matriculado en la Facultad de Educación. Las caracterís-ticas propias de los estudiantes, tales como sus estilos de pensamiento y sus enfoques de aprendizaje, pueden determinar el éxito del método de enseñanza-aprendizaje aplicado en el aula, por lo que conocer estos aspectos resulta indispensable como punto de partida previo a la introducción de innovaciones metodológicas. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido analizar estas varia-bles psicológicas en una muestra de 583 alumnos de los diferentes cursos y especialidades de Magisterio y Psicopedagogía previamente a la implementación de metodologías activas en diversas asignaturas. Para evaluar estos aspectos se han utilizado el Cues-tionario de Evaluación de los Procesos de Estudio y Aprendizaje y el Inventario de Estilos de Pensamiento. Los resultados señalan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las variables evaluadas en relación a la especialidad y el curso de los alumnos, lo cual debe orientar a los docentes a la hora de seleccionar sus métodos didácticos, considerando las particularidades del alumnado.