Just like the mar ket which has its bulls and its bears, in vest ments has its fun da men tal ists crowd and its tech ni cians crowd. The aca demic fi nance pro fes sion must wake up and re alize that in vest ing is no longer driven solely by fun da men tal and sta tis ti cal analy sis. While as a pro fes sion we be lieve in and teach the fun da men tal in vest ment sub jects such as CAPM or EMH, we also re al ize the need to ex am ine ways to ex plain the 80% of the variabil ity of stock re turns not ex plained by the fun da men tals. In ad di tion to the fun da men tal in vest ment sub jects an in creased ex po sure to both be hav ioral fi nance and the psy chol ogy of fi nan cial mar kets is ab so lutely nec es sary to in crease the un der stand ing of how and why stocks move. Just as the bulls need the bears, fun da men tal ists need tech ni cians. be hav ioral fi nance, crowd psy chol ogy, and the psy chol ogy of fi nan cial mar kets are the un der pinnings of tech ni cal analy sis. West ern tech ni cal analy sis pre dates CAPM and EMH by decades, if not more, trac ing its roots back to Char les Dow founder of Dow Jones.

In many hospitality and tourism programs, students are usually required to take only the most basic finance course. This can leave them drastically underprepared for real-world situations. Hospitality and tourism is the world's single largest industry and probably one of the industries most affected by foreign exchange movements. This exposure to foreign exchange movements is magnified by the discretionary nature of hospitality and tourism spending, making the profitability of hospitality providers very sensitive to changes in the exchange rate. This paper explores the effect, if any, of a change in the dollar value of five currencies-UK pound, euro, Canadian dollar, Japanese yen, and Mexican pesoon the hotel occupancy in seven major U.S. tourist destinations-Orlando, Los

In the former planned economies, a major result of the economic reform programs has been the resurgence of private sector. As recent research has been unable to explain what leads to substantive growth performance in family businesses in Central and Eastern Europe, this study seeks to increase our understanding of the growth process in small businesses in the region. The paper attempts to identify the types of problems and impediments Polish small family businesses confront. The paper investigates the association of various problems with a firm's stage of growth and development using a sample of one hundred family businesses that operate in the southern region of Poland. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH.

This paper will develop and explain a conceptual framework for the use of business industry marketing techniques within the higher educational spectrum. This framework will demonstrate how sound marketing management can help higher education increase its effectiveness and improve student interest, as well as encourage the development of managerial skills that will lead to better operational efficiency.  The material will be presented in a detailed, specific, and practical manner that can be utilized by educational administrators.  There are many benefits in the utilization of the marketing concept for higher education.  Marketing can lead to a better understanding of your customer (student), a more efficient use of money geared specifically towards your target market, a better understanding of where your college or university stands relative to your competitors. Marketing can also help create a more effective use of your human resources and an increased awareness of marketing trends.  Marketing, specifically targeted towards the student using the nine p’s and taking into account the differences between marketing for higher education and marketing for products, may result in improved student interest towards the marketed university or college, which may result in higher enrollment

The American Hotel and Lodging Association (AH&LA) has released green guidelines for the hospitality industry. Those guidelines include information on effective energy usage, water conservation and waste management. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the literature to determine if the green movement has impacted the hospitality industry's bottom line. Determining whether or not it is practical for older hotels to refurbish and adhere to the guidelines proposed by the AH&LA's recommendations is something that every property must determine on its own. Properties being built now have the option to create sustainable and efficient properties. However, some choose not to due to the perceived cost increases and the fear that there will be little benefit to their own business in the long run. How do we make being green, greener?