PURPOSE:To describe video-assisted ovariohysterectomy (OHE) with two portals access in adult intact queens. METHODS:Fifty-two females cats were used. A 4 mm cannula was positioned in the abdomen through an incision close to the umbilicus (first portal), and a pneumoperitoneum was established. A second portal was positioned in the midline of the pre-pubic region. Females were positioned in right lateral recumbency to locate the left ovarian pedicle, and the uterine horn was held by a transcutaneous suture.The pedicle was cauterized and incised. The procedure was then performed on the contralateral ovary. The ovaries were exteriorized from the abdomen, along with the uterus, through the second access point. The uterine body was exposed, fixed and sectioned, and the abdominal incisions were sutured. RESULTS:Surgeries were performed in an average of 41.4±14.2 minutes. The main complications included hypotension (7.7%) and subcutaneous emphysema (7.7%), and 13.5% of the surgeries were converted to laparotomy. CONCLUSION:Ovariohysterectomy using a video-assisted technique and two access portals is safe, has minimal risks and is effective for the spaying of queens.
A orquiectomia cirúrgica caracteriza-se pela retirada dos testículos, epidídimos e parte dos cordões espermáticos. Diferentes técnicas têm sido estudadas no intuito de se haver opções viáveis na realização dessa cirurgia. Diante dessa questão, objetivou-se comparar duas técnicas cirúrgicas utilizadas rotineiramente na prática veterinária, considerando tanto o tempo de execução de cada uma delas quanto ao desconforto transoperatório, buscando auxiliar os cirurgiões na escolha adequada do procedimento. Foram escolhidas a orquiectomia pré-escrotal e a orquiectomia escrotal, e registrados os tempos dispendidos em cada uma delas, considerando o início da cirurgia na primeira incisão de pele (Ti) e o término imediatamente após a realização do último ponto da dermorrafia (Tf). Esse estudo foi realizado no hospital veterinário da Universidade Paulista, UNIP, Campus de Bauru, utilizando os animais da rotina que seriam submetidos à orquiectomia eletivas. Todos os procedimentos cirúrgicos foram realizados pela médica veterinária contratada pela universidade, o que garantiu que não fosse conferido nem sofrimento nem dor aos animais desnecessariamente. A glicemia e a temperatura corpórea foram aferidas em dois momentos, inicial (Gi e Ti) e final (Gf e Tf) para a avaliação do desconforto animal durante o procedimento cirúrgico. A análise estatística realizada foi a descritiva, com o auxílio do programa Bioestat 5.3 Software Inc., 2003. Mediante os dados adquiridos, pode-se concluir que a orquiectomia escrotal se mostrou superior à pré-escrotal, sendo executada mais rápida e com menos repercussões e ou alterações tanto na temperatura corporal quanto na glicemia dos animais submetidos às castrações.
The effects splenic dilatation induced by acepromazine in a prospective, randomized study. Thirtythree adult mongrel dogs were divided into two groups designated as AG (acepromazine 0.05 mg/kg, i.v., n = 23) and CG (0.9% sodium chloride administered at a similar volume, n = 10). In both groups underwent sonographic examinations before (T0) and fifteen minutes (T15) after drug injection. The thickness spleen and splenic vein width were measured. Higher thickness was found in the AG group at T15 (2.47 cm) when compared to that at T0 (2.06 cm, p = 0.016), while the T0 (2.33 cm) and T15 (2.39 cm) measures did not differ within the CG group. Moreover, the splenic vein width was higher (p = 0.013) at T15 than at T0 in the AG group. Based on results of this study, we concluded that acepromazine, in doses of 0.05 mg/kg, promotes splenomegaly in dogs after fifteen minutes of the injection.Keywords: Canis lupus familiaris. Phenothiazines. Splenomegaly. ResumoForam avaliados os efeitos de dilatação esplênica induzidos pela acepromazina em estudo do tipo prospectivo e randomizado. Trinta e três cães foram distribuídos em dois grupos designados como GA (acepromazina 0,05 mg/kg, i.v., n = 23) e GC (solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9% em volume semelhante ao GA, i.v., n = 10). Em ambos os grupos foi realizada ultrassonografia abdominal previamente à aplicação das substâncias (T0) e após 15 minutos (T15). A espessura do baço e a largura da veia esplênica foram mensuradas. Foi verificada maior espessura esplênica no GA no T15 (2,47 cm) quando comparado a T0 (2,06 cm, p = 0,016), enquanto no GC não houve diferença significativa, sendo T0 (2,33 cm) e T15 (2,39 cm). Ainda, a largura da veia esplênica foi maior no T15 (p = 0,013) comparado a T0 no GA. Baseado nos resultados encontrados, pode-se concluir que a acepromazina na dose de 0,05 mg/kg induz a esplenomegalia em cães após 15 minutos da aplicação. Palavras-chave:Canis lupus familiaris. Fenotiazínicos. Esplenomegalia.
PURPOSE:To evaluate the female sterilization by occlusion of the ovarian blood flow, using the rat as experimental model. METHODS:Fifty-five females rats were divided into four groups: I (n=10), bilateral ovariectomy, euthanized at 60 or 90 days; II (n=5), opening the abdominal cavity, euthanized at 90 days; III (n=20), bilateral occlusion of the ovarian blood supply using titanium clips, euthanized at 60 or 90 days; and IV (n=20), bilateral occlusion of the ovarian blood supply using nylon thread, euthanized at 60 or 90 days. The estrous cycle was monitored by vaginal cytology. After euthanasia, the reproductive tissues were evaluated histologically. RESULTS:Ovarian atresia was identified macroscopically at 60 days after surgery in the rats in groups III and IV; however, most of the rats in group III maintained cyclicity. Histology of the tissues from group IV revealed that the ovarian tissue was replaced by dense fibrous connective tissue that was slightly vascularized and that intact follicles were absent by 90 days. CONCLUSION:Ovarian blood vessels occluded caused ischemia, leading to progressive tissue necrosis, and bilateral occlusion using a nylon ligature is a viable method for surgical sterilization.
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