RESUMOEsta pesquisa objetivou avaliar a resistência de dez madeiras ao térmita, Cryptotermes brevis, em condições de laboratório. As espécies estudadas foram amoreira (Chlorophora tinctoria), angelim-pedra (Hymenolobium petraeum), angico-vermelho (Anadenanthera columbrinavar. cebil), angico-verdadeiro (Anadenanthera peregrina), jacarandá-da-bahia (Dalbergia nigra), parajú (Manilkara longifolia), roxinho (Peltogine nitens), pau-brasil (Caesalpiniaechinata), Eucalyptus cloeziana e Eucalyptus torelliana. As madeiras estudadas foram susceptíveis ao ataque de C. brevis, à exceção das madeiras de A. columbrina e M. Longifolia; H. petraeum, D. nigra e C. echinata apresentaram mortalidade inferior à média das demais espécies. As madeiras de D. nigra, H. petraeum, C. echinata e E. Cloeziana foram as mais consumidas pelos cupins. C. tinctoria, P. nitens e E. torelliana apresentaramdesgastes superficiais. Nas madeiras de maior densidade e maiores teores de extrativos e de cinzas, observaram-se maiores valores de mortalidade dos cupins. Não existe, porém, uma característica única, que permita ser empregada visando a relacionar o ataque provocado pelos cupins nas madeiras estudadas.Palavras-chave: resistência natural, ensaio biológico, Cryptotermes brevis. Natural Durability of Wood Forest Speciesto Dry-Wood Termite Attack ABSTRACTIn this research, weaimed to evaluate the natural resistance of ten forest wood species used in joinery to the attack of dry-wood termite Cryptotermes brevis in laboratory test. The wood species studied were amoreira (Chlorophora tinctoria), angelim-pedra (Hymenolobium petraeum), Anadenanthera columbrina var. cebil (angico-vermelho), Anadenanthera peregrina (angicoverdadeiro), Dalbergia nigra (jacaranda-da-bahia), Manilkara longifolia (paraju), Peltogine nitens (roxinho), Caesalpinia echinata (pau-brasil), Eucalyptus cloeziana and Eucalyptus torelliana. The woods studied were susceptible to C. brevisattack, except for A. columbrina and M. longifolia woods. H. petraeum, D. nigra and C. echinata woods showed lowermortality compared to other species.The highest levels of wood waste were observed in D. nigra, H. petraeum, C. echinata and E. cloeziana woods. C. tinctoria, P. nitens and E. torelliana woods presented superficial waste. Higher values oftermite mortality were observed in woods of greater density, and higher levels of extractives and ash. However, there is not one sole characteristic that could beused to relate the attackof termites to the woods studied.
resuMoEste trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar as perdas de fósforo (P), potássio (K), magnésio (Mg) e cálcio (Ca) no sedimento erodido e comparar as variações da matéria orgânica (MO), potencial hidrogeniônico (pH) e capacidade de troca catiônica efetiva (CTC) do solo com os sedimentos carreados por erosão hídrica em cultura de eucalipto sob chuva natural. Para as coletas das amostras de solo erodido foi instalado um tratamento pelo método de parcela padrão com dimensões de 12 x 24m com declividade de 42% no sentido longitudinal. As coletas foram feitas no período compreendido entre janeiro a abril de 2009 após cada evento de chuva erosiva assim classificada, cujos registros foram maiores que 10 mm h -1 . As amostras de solo foram retiradas dos tanques de coletas e encaminhadas ao laboratório de solos do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, onde os sedimentos foram secados e analisados quimicamente. As perdas totais de nutrientes foram de 11,42 kg ha -1 representadas por 63% de Ca, 18% de Mg, 13% de K e 6% de P. O pH e CTC apresentaram um aumento das suas concentrações nos sedimentos erodidos e a MO não apresentou variações. This study aimed to quantify the losses of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) in the sediment and compare variations in organic matter (OM), hydrogen potential (pH) and the ability to cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil sediments carried lost by erosion in crop plantations under natural rainfall. For the collection of samples of soil eroded was installed by a treatment method with standard portion sizes of 12 x 24m at 42% of slope in the longitudinal way. Collections were made during the period from January to April of 2009 after each erosive rainfall event as classified, whose record was greater than 10 mm h -1 , with a maximum intensity above 3.6 MJ. Soil samples were taken from the tanks and sent samples to the laboratory for soils of the Institute Federal of Minas Gerais, where the sediments were dried and analyzed chemically. The total losses of nutrients were of 11.42 kg ha -1 which had 63% of Ca, Mg 18%, 13% of K and 6% of P. The pH and CEC showed an increase in their concentrations in sediment eroded and OM did not vary.
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