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A redox colourimetric solid-phase extraction (C-SPE) procedure for the determination of ascorbic acid (AA) in pharmaceutical formulations was proposed. Iron (III)-2,2'-dipyridyl (Fe(III)-Bpy) reagent solution was used as a colouring reagent for AA and the immobilization of the redox product onto Amberlite XAD-16 resin was achieved. The analyte in the sample reacted with a solid sorbent loaded with the colourimetric reagent (Fe(III)-Bpy) and then quantified directly on the sorbent surface by using a fibre optic reflectance spectrometer (FORS). The amount of AA was reflectometrically determined in a few seconds with a total sample workup and readout time of ∼10 min using only 10-ml sample volumes. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) values were 0.18 and 0.6 mg L(-1), respectively, and the linear dynamic range for AA extended up to 8.8 mg L(-1). The C-SPE for different extractions (n = 5) gave a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.9% at 5.28 mg L(-1) AA level.

A new method has been developed for the indirect determination of ascorbic acid (AA) in commercial syrup preparations based on cloud point extraction (CPE) separation and preconcentration, and determination by molecular absorption spectrometry. The colorimetric method was based on the reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) and complexation of Fe(II) with 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (Br-PADAP), followed by its extraction into Triton X-114. Selectivity of the method was increased with the use of EDTA as a masking agent. The absorbance was measured at 742 nm. Various influencing factors on the separation and preconcentration of AA have been investigated systematically, and the optimized operation conditions were established. The proposed method allows the determination of AA in the range 5-200 µg L(-1) with a relative standard deviation of 3.0%. The detection limit was found to be 0.9 µg L(-1) for AA. This method has been applied to the determination of ascorbic acid in commercial pharmaceutical preparations.