Neurodegenerative diseases are mostly experienced by postmenopausal women and are often caused by estrogen deficiency, so it is necessary to replace the hormone estrogen in the form of phytoestrogens. One of the plants that contain phytoestrogens is Marsilea crenata. The objective of this study is to see if giving rotenone-induced zebrafish a 96% ethanol extract of M. crenata leaves increases locomotor activity. This research was conducted by inducing 5 µg/L rotenone as a compound that will interfere with the locomotor activity of zebrafish. Next, treatment was given with 96% ethanol extract of clover in each group with a dose of 2.5; 5; 10; and 20 mg/mL to determine the effect of the extract on increasing locomotor activity of rotenone-induced zebrafish. Observations were made by looking at the quantity of zebrafish swimming every five minutes until day 28. The treatment of 96% ethanol extract of M. crenata leaves could significantly increase zebrafish motility at the optimum dose of 2.5 mg/mL, because every week the zebrafish locomotor activity increased compared to the negative control. M. crenata leaves extract is proven to prevent neurodegenerative diseases. However, further research needs to be done on the degenerative effects of rotenone every week.

Women who experience menopause will experience estrogen deficiency, which will impact their health, one of which will increase the risk of neurodegenerative. Phytoestrogen compounds in Marsilea crenata can provide activity after binding to their receptors or ER-dependent pathways. The research was conducted in silico with the molecular docking method using the ERα (1A52) receptor. In silico analysis was carried out on the metabolite profiling compound of the 96% ethanol extract of M. crenata leaves from the previous study. Sample preparation was carried out using the Biovia Discovery Studio 2021 application to separate macromolecules and native ligands and prepared to get a 3D structure using ChemDraw Ultra 12.0. then analyzed its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics with the SwissADME webtool. Furthermore, the geometry of the compound was optimized using Avogadro 1.0.1, and molecular docking of the compound to the 1A52 receptor was carried out using Autodock vina (PyRx 0.8). The interaction visualization stage was carried out with Biovia Discovery Studio 2021, and a toxicity test was carried out using the ProTox II online tool. The results of the in-silico study showed that six compounds met the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic criteria, toxicity, and had similar pharmacophore distances and amino acid binding with native 17β-estradiol, a 1A52 agonist with anti-neuroinflammatory effect. So, 96% ethanol extract of M. crenata leaves is predicted to potentially inhibit PD progression with an anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism.

Neuroinflamasi dapat menyebabkan Parkinson Disease (PD), dengan salah satu mekanismenya adalah aktivasi berlebih toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) akibat abnormalitas dan agregasi α-synuclein. Pada penelitian sebelumnya, daun semanggi (Marsilea crenata Presl.) terbukti menghambat progresivitas neuroinflamasi melalui jalur estrogen-receptor (ER) dependent. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi efek antineuroinflamasi daun semanggi pada jalur penghambatan aktivasi TLR2 (3A7B) dengan studi in silico. Senyawa hasil metabolite profiling sekunder dari ekstrak etanol 96% daun semanggi dipreparasi dengan ChemDraw Ultra 12.0, kemudian dilihat sifat farmakokinetik dan farmakodinamiknya dengan webtool SwissADME. Optimasi geometri pada senyawa dilakukan menggunakan Avogadro 1.0.1 dan molecular docking senyawa terhadap reseptor 3A7B dilakukan menggunakan Autodock vina (PyRx 0.8). Tahap visualisasi interaksi dilakukan dengan Biovia Discover Studio 2021, sedangkan nilai toksisitas senyawa dianalisis menggunakan ProTox II online tool. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat empat senyawa yang memenuhi kriteria farmakokinetik, farmakodinamik, toksisitas, serta mempunyai kemiripan dengan native ligand N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Oleh karena itu, ekstrak etanol 96% daun semanggi diprediksi memiliki potensi sebagai penghambat progresifitas PD dengan mekanisme antineuroinflamasi.