BACKGROUNDOtosclerosis which is one of the commonest causes of non-suppurative conductive hearing loss. Small fenestra or stapedotomy is developed by Shea 1962 in which fenestration is made in foot plate of stapes and proper-sized Teflon piston is inserted between the long process of incus and fenestra. This procedure is less traumatic and therefore there are less chances of sensorineural loss.

Primary mucosal malignant melanomas of sinonasal tract are uncommon tumors comprising 0.3-2% of all malignant melanomas and 4% of all head and Neck melanomas. We are reporting a rare case of mucosal malignant melanoma in a 45 year old female arising from nasopharynx which was excised completely by trans palatal approach followed by irradiation. This case is being reported because of its isolated involvement of nasopharynx, and early age of presentation.

BACKGROUNDMyringoplasty is a commonly performed surgical procedure usually with a microscope. Endoscope is being widely used to perform many surgical procedures and now these are gaining importance in operating in cavities.

Abstract2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (Coumarin), an important oxygen heterocyclic scaffold, widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom, displayed a wide range of potential biological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In this paper, we have synthesized a novel class of 3,7-disubstituted 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one derivatives (3aa-3hb) bearing a basic ether side chain at C-7 and a substituted phenyl ring at C-3 of the coumarin ring. These compounds have been evaluated for anti-microbial (antibacterial/antifungal) activities. Some of the compounds 3ac, 3ae, 3bb, 3bc have shown significant anti-fungal activities against selective strains. Compound 3ae and 3bc with the MIC values of 1.56 µg/mL displayed better antifungal activity than fluconazole against Trichophyton mentagrophytes.