Bioethanol can help Indonesia achieve its sustainability goals. Unfortunately, the success of bioethanol as Indonesia’s primary renewable energy system encounters a significant roadblock to play its strategic role as the main energy system in the country. This research investigates whether or not collaborative governance may contribute to the improvement of bioethanol as Indonesia’s significant renewable energy system from the research and innovation ecosystem perspectives. Going beyond, this research also elaborates the mechanisms and challenges. Local resources (including leadership and indigenous knowledge) and governance structures (such as social networks) as critical sectors can collaborate to create a productive cooperation. The report finds that a broader approach emphasizing transparency and breaking up the organization of the innovation ecosystem is needed so that Indonesia becomes a country with a more sustainable energy system.

This study begins from the problems that arise related to the discussion of the ITE Bill in the DPR, as well as the revision and implementation of the ITE Law. Especially issues related to cases that cause polemics and disturb the feeling of justice. This study aims to describe the construction of social reality in the form of thoughts, ideas, and discourses behind the implementation of the ITE Law. This study is also intended to determine the involvement of public participation in influencing the processes of legal formation and public policy in state institutions as described by Habermas (1989). So far, the growing assumption is that the ITE Law has limited freedom of expression and there is a state motivation to demand civil society compliance through repressive state apparatus. The question to be answered in this research is to what extent are the principles of deliberative democracy found in the social processes that occur in the discussion of the ITE Bill, revision and implementation of the ITE Law? Our argument is that the process of discussing the revision of the ITE Law and evaluating this law is not based on the principles of deliberative democracy, thereby strengthening the regime of digital authoritarianism.

This paper aims to describe the reason of China to change its governance of investment mainly the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Southeast Asia. Although many countries in this region need huge investment to improve and build their infrastructure as well as infrastructure’s connectivity between countries, there is some fear involving China’s investment in the past. These are unintended consequences of China’s investment on environmental, social, and debt-trap in certain poor countries. Nevertheless, there is still hope for better Chinese investment such as consideration of local people’s aspirations and more transparency. At the regional level, the BRI can synergize with local connectivity initiatives, such as the Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity (MPAC) and Indonesia’s Global Maritime Fulcrum, and encourage the integration of the ASEAN Economic Community. Different from the previous studies, this paper also uses the historical approach by learning the relation between China and Southeast Asian countries in the past. Our argument is Southeast Asian countries do not need to fear Chinese economic expansions based on history that China is not a political threat in the region. However, China should change the governance of BRI to accommodate the interest of people in Southeast Asian countries.

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