Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that can be slow to heal, result in repeated hospitalizations, require intense and costly treatment, and reduce the quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of foot exercises on wound healing in type 2 diabetic patients with a diabetic foot ulcer. Quasi-experimental study using before and after changes to wound healing in between February until May 2019.Thirty patients from an inpatient rooms with ulcers who met study criteria agreed to participate. Subjects were recruited by the researchers in the hospital where they received treatment. Data were collected using investigator-developed forms: patient information form and the diabetic foot exercises log. Patients in the intervention group received standard wound care and performed daily foot exercises for 3 week. Diabetic wound healing of the patients in the intervention were examined and measured at the 3rd weeks. To analyze and compare the data, frequency distribution, mean (standard deviation), and the paired samples t test were used. The mean of diabetic wound healing were 3.50, 2.90, and 2.40 in the study intervention group in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd weeks, respectively. Significant differences were found between diabetic wound healing in pre-test and post-test group (p=0.041). An important finding in this study was the DFU area decreased more in those who exercised more. Findings suggest foot exercises should be included in the treatment plan when managing patients with diabetic foot ulcers.     Abstrak Luka kaki diabetic adalah suatu komplikasi yang serius pada diabetes mellitus dimana dapat memperlambat penyembuhan, hospitalisasi berulang, membutuhkan pengobatan yang mahal dan menurunkan kualitas hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek senam kaki terhadap penyembuhan luka pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Jenis penelitian Quasi eksperimen digunakan untuk melihat perubahan sebelum dan sesudah penyembuhan luka dari Februari sampai Mei 2019. Tiga puluh pasien dari ruang inap dengan luka menjadi kriteria inklusi sebagai responden. Responden direkrut oleh peneliti di rumah sakit dimana pasien sedang menjalani perawatan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner data demografi dan lembar observasi penyembuhan luka. Pasien akan diberikan latihan selama 3 minggu. Penyembuhan luka diabetic pada pasien akan dikaji dan diukur sampai minggu ke tiga. Untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan data, distribusi frekuensi, mean (standar deviasi), dan paired t test dilakukan. Mean penyembuhan luka diabetik diantaranya 3.50, 2.90 dan 2.40 pada kelompok intervensi pada minggu pertama, kedua, dan ketiga secara berurutan. Perbedaan signifikan penyembuhan luka diabetic antara kelompok pre-test dan post-test (p=0.041). Suatu temuan penting bahwa area luka kaki diabetic semakin menurun pada orang yang melakukan senam. Temuan ini juga senam kaki sebaiknya dimasukkan dalam rencana perawatan ketika merawat pasien dengan luka kaki diabetik.

Nurses hold an important responsibility for maintaining patients’safety. It has been known that fatigue and sleepiness may result in errors with negative consequences for patient safety. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness among nurses. This research design is descriptive correlation. The total sample in this study was 36 nurses. This research was conducted at the Special Eye Hospital Medan. Sampling using purposive sampling. Data collection using the Three-Dimensional Work Fatigue Inventory (3D-WFI) and The Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Data analysis using the Chi-Square test. The results of this study indicate that the majority of nurses experience tired fatigue as many as 22 respondents (61.1%) compared to 14 respondents (38.9%) not tired. Chi Square test showed an association between fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in nurses (P = 0.000 <α 0.05). This study recommends nurses to optimize the work hours of nurses to overcome daytime sleepiness, and for nurses to maintain conditions in order to avoid excessive sleepiness which can cause adverse event.

Pentavalent immunization is an immunization developed from a combination of vaccines so that there are eight antigens that can be given to children, namely Hepatitis B, BCG, Oral Polio, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hib and Measles. The act of immunization can cause pain in babies, so that the baby becomes fussy. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the 5 S Method (Swaddling, Side / Stomach Position, Shushing, Swinging, Sucking) on Pain Response in Infants aged 2-6 Months during Immunization. Pentavalent. The design of this research is experimental research with the design of Post Test Only Control Group Design. The total sample in this study was 36 babies. This research was conducted at Puskesmas Bestari, Medan. Sampling using consecutive sampling. Collecting data using a FLACC scale questionnaire. Data analysis using paired t-test. The results showed that the effect of the 5S method on the pain response of infants aged 2-6 months during pentavalent immunization was shown by the statistical t-test with p = 0.007 and significantly reduced the pain response of infants at 15 seconds, second. 30, 45 seconds, and can reduce the length of crying babies after injection of pentavalent immunization. The results of this study are expected that nurses can use the 5 S method in relieving the pain response and the duration of crying in infants during immunization or when inserting sharp objects into the baby's body.