Tools to accurately predict and detect adverse drug reactions (ADR) in elderly patients have not been developed. We aimed to identify and evaluate reports on tools that predict and detect ADR in elderly patients (≥ 60 years). In this review, we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases were searched until January 2022 using key terms “elderly,” “adverse drug reaction,” and “detection instruments.” Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and they examined assorted interventions: STOPP/START version 1/2 (n = 10), Beers Criteria 2012 or 2015 (n = 4), Systematic Tool to Reduce Inappropriate Prescribing (STRIP) (n = 2), Tool to Reduce Inappropriate Medications (TRIM) (n = 1), Medication Risk Score (MERIS) (n = 1), Computerized alert systems (n = 1), and Norwegian General Practice-Nursing Home criteria (n = 1). The interventions affected the number of potential prescription omissions (OR, 0.50 [0.37–0.69]; p < 0.0001; four studies). No apparent reduction in the number of drug interactions within 2 months (OR, 0.84 [0.70–1.02]; p = 0.08; two studies) and mortality (OR, 0.92 [0.76–1.12]; p = 0.41; three studies) was observed. In conclusion, there is no definitive and validated assessment tool for detecting and predicting ADR in elderly patients. Thus, more research on refining existing tools or developing new ones is warranted.
Swamedikasi merupakan kegiatan umum yang dilakukan oleh seseorang ketika sedang sakit. Swamedikasi yang tepat dengan pemberian informasi yang diberikan oleh tenaga kesehatan akan membantu proses penyembuhan pasien dengan mengoptimalkan terapi. Tenaga kesehatan yang memiliki pengetahuan tentang penggunaan obat rasional seharusnya memiliki perilaku positif dalam swamedikasi untuk dirinya sendiri dan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran swamedikasi yang dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatan di STIKES Sari Mulia terkait Penggunaan Obat Rasional (POR). Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode explanatory survey. Responden adalah tenaga kesehatan (dokter, apoteker, perawat dan bidan) yang bekerja sebagai pengelola di STIKES Sari Mulia berjumlah 75 orang. Responden diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner suervei penggunaan obat rasional. Gambaran dari pengisian kuesioner tersebut terdapat 62,7% responden yang melakukan swamedikasi ketika sedang sakit dan responden yang mengetahui tentang penggunaan obat rasional hanya 80,0% dari total keseluruhan responden. Kata kunci: Penggunaan Obat Rasional (POR), swamedikasi, tenaga kesehatan Self-medication is common thing to do by someone if he or she gets sick. Right self medication with proper information given by health-workers can help patient’s healing process with optimizing therapy. Health-workers who have knowledge about rational use of medicine should have positive behavior in self-medication for themselves and patient’s. This research aimed to see how self-medication is done by health-workers at STIKES Sari Mulia with rational use of medicine. The design of this research is descriptive using explanatory survey method. Respondents are health-workers (doctor, pharmacist, nurse and midwife) who work at STIKES Sari Mulia with total of 75 persons. Respondents will be asked to fill a questionnaire about rational use of medicine. Questionnaire result shows about 62,7% of respondents do self-medication when they get sick and total respondents who know about rational use of medicine is only 80,0% of all respondents. Keywords: Rational use of medicine, self-medication, health-workers
ABSTRAK Hubungan kolaborasi yang kuat di antara dokter dan apoteker sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengoptimalkan pengobatan pasien, terutama pasien dengan penyakit kronis. Dokter dan apoteker memiliki tanggung jawab untuk saling berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi agar kontinuitas pelayanan dapat tercapai. Pemahaman terhadap persepsi dan hambatan terhadap kolaborasi di antara dokter dan apoteker berguna untuk mewujudkan kolaborasi tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi dokter terhadap kolaborasi dengan apoteker pada pengobatan pasien anak epilepsi. Sebanyak 5 dokter terlibat dalam penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode in-depth, semi-structured interview dan dianalisis melalui transkrip, quotes dan tema. Hasil yang teridentifikasi pada penelitian ini meliputi pengalaman dokter terhadap kolaborasi dengan apoteker, hambatan dalam berkolaborasi dengan apoteker serta media kolaborasi dokter dan apoteker pada pengobatan penyakit kronis. Pengalaman dokter dalam berkolaborasi dengan apoteker masih sangat terbatas sehingga diperlukan peran aktif apoteker dalam membangun komunikasi dengan dokter agar kolaborasi dapat tercapai. Salah satu cara yang mampu meningkatkan kolaborasi dokter dan apoteker adalah melalui suatu catatan pengobatan pasien yang berperan seperti rekam medis yang dapat dibawa oleh pasien ke setiap tempat pelayanan kesehatan yang dikunjunginya. Kata kunci: persepsi dokter, kolaborasi, pasien anak epilepsi ABSTRACT The strong collaboration between physicians and pharmacists are needed to optimize the patient medication, especially for the patient with chronic disease. Physicians and pharmacist have a responsibility to communicate and interact each other in order to reach the continuity of care. Understanding perceptions and barriers to collaboration between physicians and pharmacists may help with delivery of the collaboration. The aim of this research is to identify the perception of the physicians about the collaboration with pharmacists in the medication of the children with epilepsy. 5 physicians is involved in this qualitative research that used in-depth, semi-structured interview method that being analyzed by transcript, quotes and theme. The result that identified in this research are the physician’s experience with collaboration, the barrier to collaboration between physicians and pharmacists and the collaboration media for physicians and pharmacists in the medication of chronic disease. The physician’s experience in the collaboration with pharmacist is still limited so the acttive role of pharmacist is needed to build the communication with the physician to reach the collaboration. One of the way to improve the physician and pharmacist’s collaboration is through the patient medication record that used as the medical record that can be brought by the patient to every healthcare centre they visit. Keywords: physician’s perception, collaboration, children with epilepsy
ABSTRAK Prevalensi obesitas beberapa tahun terakhir mengalami peningkatan dan menyebabkan risiko berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Edukasi gaya hidup merupakan salah satu bentuk pendekatan terapi yang tepat bagi penderita obesitas karena dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan sehingga memiliki kontribusi bagi pencegahan dan penatalaksanaan obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh edukasi gaya hidup terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan penderita obesitas. Desain penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan metode before-after study untuk menguji efektivitas dari edukasi gaya hidup terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan penderita obesitas. Subyek adalah karyawan Universitas X yang menderita obesitas tingkat I berjumlah 28 orang. Subyek akan menerima intervensi edukasi gaya hidup sebanyak tiga kali pertemuan (seminggu sekali). Variabel yang diukur adalah peningkatan pengetahuan subyek. Pengukuran dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian edukasi. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi pada tingkat pengetahuan subyek (p=0,00). Pemberian edukasi gaya hidup berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan penderita obesitas. Kata kunci: Edukasi, gaya hidup, obesitas, pengetahuan ABSTRACT Obesity prevalence has increased in the last few years and has caused dangerous risks for health. Lifestyle education is one of suitable therapy for obesity patients because it can increase knowledge and thus contribute to the prevention and management of obesity. This research aimed to see the impact of lifestyle education to increase the knowledge of obesity patients. The design of this research is quantitative using before-after study method to analyze the effectiveness of lifestyle education to increase the knowledge of obesity patients. The subjects are 28 sedentary men workers of University X with obesity I category. The subject were given 3 times lifestyle education intervention (once a week). The measured variable is the increased knowledge of the subject. All measurements had been done before and after education given. There is a significant difference before and after education at the level of knowledge of the subjects (p = 0.00). Provision of education on lifestyles affects the increased knowledge of obesity patients. Keywords: Education, lifestyle, obesity, knowledge
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