No abstract

There are several viruses considered to be ecologically problematic, including COVID-19.The samples were collected from persons with middle and severe cases of patients with COVID-19 as well as other samples from patients who were appeared symptoms or recovered from infection of coronavirus, where the number of cases 100 and measured levels of cytokines in the serum of patients as IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), estimated by immune assay called enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Where serum level of TNF-α in persons not illustrated a significant difference in all groups, while the interleukin 6 in severe and middle case groups of COVID-19 was high significantly compared with normal and recovered cases groups of COVID-19. Also, the concentration of interleukin 8 was low in the serum of patients infected by a coronavirus in the cases of severe and middle respectively compared with normal cases and recovered cases that healing from coronavirus infection which maybe gives a prediction for disease COVID-19, also showing different concentrations of cytokines in cases of the COVID-19 group than the normal group that may belong to several mechanisms of immunoregulatory detected in cases of COVID-19 pathogenesis.

In the laboratories of the College of Medical Technologies / The Islamic University of  Najaf, the biosynthetic zinc nanoparticles were synthesized by Lactobacillus bacteria . The structural and morphological properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles  were determined by Atomic force microscope and  X–ray diffraction analysis ,  (hexagonal phase ) shows that the synthesized nanoparticles were crystalline and pure in nature. The peaks at 2θ = 38.1, 44.18, 64.45, 77.12 & 81.03 were respection lines of spherical Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles  respectively. Then, maximum diameter measured for particles is 8 .4278 nm which determined by applying the Scherrer equation. After that, the samples of pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus Epidermidis) diagnostic by Vitek2 compact system  resistant to commercial antibiotics were collected and the antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles was tested. The results of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria were good.Then the ZnONps were combined with a polymeric compound (Poly-β hydroxybutyrate  ) to improve the properties of the nanocomposite as an antimicrobial, as the combined compound)ZnONPs/PHB) gave great inhibition results compared to the nanocomposite alone(ZnONPs).

This study was designed to investigate the ability of methanol and extracts of fruit casings of Quercus against pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with burn infection. Three concentrations of methanol and extracts of Quercus were done (100, 200 and 400) mg/ml. Thirty eight samples were collected from Medical Burn Center in Najaf . Males and females in different age groups. The results indicated that there were 42% , 22% , 18% , 8% E. , 6% and 4% . Seventeen antibiotics were selected in antibiotics sensitivity test. 10mg was the best antimicrobial effect. The results showed that all three concentrations had good antibacterial effect. It has also been shown that methanol solvent is more effective on bacteria than solvent. Also, the results showed that P. and S. has the highest rate of inhibition diameter with methanol solvent (38.123 ± 0.07 and 35.133 ± 0.092) mm respectively. K. was the highest rate of inhibition diameter by n- solvent 32.4 ± 0.07mm. Methanol and extracts of Quercus can be regarded as a potential antibacterial against aerobic pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with burn infection. Therefore, Fruit casings of Quercus may be considered as a raw material for the manufacture of ointment for treatment of burns infections.