Skin aging caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet is known as photoaging. The mechanism underlying skin photoaging relates to collagen degradation in the extracellular matrix (ECM) by overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1). Gallic acid is a phenolic antioxidant found in many types of plants and can be used as an anti-photoaging agent due to its antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the potential effect of gallic acid as an anti-photoaging against MMP-1 using in silico molecular docking. The stages included gallic acid structure optimization using the HyperChem 8, preparation of protein target MMP-1 (PDB ID: 966C) using the Chimera1.10.1, validation the molecular docking protocol, and docking gallic acid on MMP-1 with the Autodock 1.5.6. The results showed that gallic acid had an affinity for MMP-1 with a binding energy of -6.0 kcal/mol. There are similar amino acid residues in hydrogen bonds between the native ligand RS2 with MMP-1 and gallic acid with MMP-1, namely ALA 182, LEU 181, and HIS 218. The results suggest that gallic acid has the potential as the anti-photoaging agent through the inhibition of the MMP-1 enzyme.
Kopi arabika mengandung kafein, polisakarida, trigliserida, asam klorogenat, dan asam lemak linoleate. Kandungan dari asam linoleate memiliki sekitar 40-45% yang berfungsi untuk melembabkan kulit dan meremajakan kulit. Ekstrak biji kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Kemampuan antioksidan pada biji kopi arabika tersebut dapat berpotensi sebagai kosmetika yaitu serum liposom. Artikel ulasan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia dan mengetahui potensi sediaan serum liposom. Metode penulisan artikel ini dilakukan dengan beberapa studi literatur dari jurnal nasional maupun jurnal internasional. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) memiliki aktivitas antioksidan karena polifenolnya. Polifenol bersifat sebagai antioksidan, sehingga dapat meredam radikal bebas. Bagian tanaman kopi yang dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan adalah biji yang diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut metanol. Pada uji skrining fitokimia menunjukkan hasil bahwa ekstrak biji kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) mengandung golongan senyawa flavonoid, tannin, saponin, alkaloid, dan steroida. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak biji kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) memiliki perbedaan. Ekstrak biji kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) kategori sangat kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 12,427 ppm, 27,915 ppm. IC50 kategori sangat kuat jika nilai kurang dari 50 ppm, kuat jika memiliki nilai sebesar 50-100 ppm, kategori sedang sebesar 100-150 ppm, dan kategori lemah sebesar 151-200 ppm. Dengan demikian, ekstrak biji kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) dapat berpotensi sebagai antioksidan pada sediaan serum liposom.
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