After knowing the problems faced by agriculture students, this study conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) in improving students' reading comprehension. Collaborative Classroom Action Research design was used, and the participants were 22 students. The data collected using the observation checklist, field notes, and reading test. The findings showed that TBLT could be implemented to improve students' reading comprehension in three steps: pretask, task cycle, and post-task which included some specific activities. Suggestion addresses to the ESP lecturers who face the same challenges to apply TBLT as an effort to improve students' reading comprehension efficiently.

The study aimed to identify the microfinance implementation by horticultural farmers and analyze the factors influencing the horticultural farmers’ decision to choose the financial institutions. The research location was carried out in two areas, namely (a) Wonomulyo Village, Poncokusumo Subdistrict, Malang Regency, dan (b) Pacet Village, Pacet Subdistrict, Mojokerto Regency. The sample determination was carried out using the Slovin formula using the proportional stratified sampling method. The total sample was 160 farmers. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis (logit) were used to answer the objective of the study. Formal institutions assigne1d to channel the funds include government banks and private banks. Informal institutions that carried out micro-credit funds were the private sector or institutions from the farmers themselves. The majority of farmers knew that the rate level of formal financing sources was lower, but the administrative procedures were considered problematic. The regression's results showed that the factors influenced the decisions of Horticulture farmers to take micro-finance access, including education, length of business, interest rate, and loan amount.

COVID-19's negative externalities disrupted the supply of several commodities. Meanwhile, to combat the spread of COVID-19, various countries have implemented a lockdown policy, which impacts the economy's balance. Consumers' risks are increasing due to economic changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which affects the higher level of volatility of various agricultural commodities in Indonesia, particularly strategic commodities. Thus, this research was designed to examine the experience shock of strategic food consumers during Covid-19 pandemic. The ARCH/GARCH model was used to describe the strategic food price movement pattern using a set of weekly consumer price data from March 2020 until August 2021. This study found price volatility of strategic food commodities is classified into three categories. For starters, the extreme volatility of commodities such as garlic and cayenne pepper indicates that future buyers will face more significant uncertainty and risk. Furthermore, these commodities will generate fluctuating price swings in the future, resulting in greater experience shock for consumers. Second, commodities with high price volatility, such as rice, chicken meat, eggs, shallots, and sugar, signal that these commodities will subject consumers to a huge shock due to their high price volatility. Third, minimal volatility, such as that found in meat, red chilli, and cooking oil, indicates that customers will face less uncertainty in the future.

The agricultural sector contributes almost half of the Indonesian economy. Based on data from BPS in 2019-2020, this sector provides food for more than 270 million people and dominates the source of income in Indonesia by 33.4 million (27.33%). Unfortunately, the high opportunity and prospects are accompanied by a lack of enthusiasm among the younger generation to pursue agricultural careers, resulting in a decline in regeneration. Some influential factors included: (1) the perception that the agricultural sector is less promising in the future, (2) the lack of prestige of relatively low salaries, and (3) the existence and influence of social strata in the community. The current study aimed to investigate students' perceptions and interests, particularly those of agricultural students, concerning their career choices and corroborate the phenomena of the young generation's falling interest in agricultural careers. The participants were 100 agriculture students from the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya (FP UB). The study implemented a quantitative approach with a survey method. The data were analyzed using Tableau. The results showed that there were two dominant factors, external and internal, that influenced the career choices of agriculture students. Additionally, the responses from the students based on gender (male and female) were also different. The findings of this study provide a broader view on how to improve students' interest in agricultural careers through external and internal assistance, namely motivation and practical experiences during the academic year.

The Online Letter Exchange Program (OLEP) was an online collaborative learning program hosted by the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Miyazaki, Japan. It has collaborated with the Faculty of Agriculture in one of the private universities in Malang. The program is designed to encourage students’ written communication skills and facilitate students with intensive real-life English communication experience with other students around Asia. The participant countries are from Japan, Taiwan, China, and Indonesia. One of its uniqueness lies in the policy that the participants share their specific fields, including agriculture and related fields. This study sought to investigate the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and perception of the students towards the OLEP as it was supplementary activity. The perception included the topic, the platform, and interaction. The data were gained from questionnaires and interviews and were then analyzed using thematic analysis. The result showed that extrinsic motivation was dominant in completing the task in OLEP. The positive and negative perception of the three aspects would be a valuable source for those who attempt a similar online letter exchange program