No abstract

This study's objective is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of Salvia officinalis L., which have been employed as traditional medicines by local healers, against two multidrug-resistant bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In the present investigation, fifty samples were collected from burn patients, and isolates were identified from smears taken from the burn department in hospitals, including the floors, walls, light sources, and beds at the Alsaader Hospital in Missan City, using morphological, cultural, and the VITEK 2 Compact device. Besides, the antibiotic sensitivity test for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli is tested against seven antibiotics. The results show that this isolate showed resistance to most antibiotics used in the experiment, and therefore it is regarded as MDR. Agar well diffusion methods are employed to detect the antibacterial susceptibility test versus Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at four concentrations: 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/ml. The results show that the alcoholic extract had high inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli at all concentrations compared to all seven tested antibiotics. The results also reveal the inhibition zone diameter of the extract against the growth of bacteria increased significantly with concentration increase. At 500 mg/ml, the highest inhibitory zone was 41.66 mm, while at 62.5 mg/ml, it was 30.66 mm.